{"id":7372,"date":"2022-12-08T10:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-08T08:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=7372"},"modified":"2025-08-04T12:00:16","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T09:00:16","slug":"united-nations-at-the-crossroads-will-the-un-survive-russias-war-of-aggression-against-ukraine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/it\/2022\/12\/08\/united-nations-at-the-crossroads-will-the-un-survive-russias-war-of-aggression-against-ukraine\/","title":{"rendered":"Nazioni Unite al bivio: l\u2019ONU sopravvivr\u00e0 alla guerra di aggressione della Russia contro l\u2019Ucraina?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-quick-download-button-download-button aligncenter qdbn-wrapper\"><div class=\"qdbn\" data-plugin-name=\"qdbn\" data-style=\"large\" data-file=\"hide-file\" data-size=\"hide-size\"><div class=\"qdbn-download-button-inner\"><button type=\"button\" data-button-type=\"large\" class=\"g-btn f-l\" style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:25px;border:1px solid #e2e2e2\" data-attachment-id=\"15642\" data-page-id=\"8262\" data-post-id=\"\" data-have-external=\"false\" data-external-url=\"\" data-wait-duration=\"0\" data-target-blank=\"true\" data-msg=\"Attendere, per favore\u2026\" data-member=\"0\" data-has-icon-dark=\"true\" title=\"Scarica il PDF in inglese\"><span class=\"download-btn-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 11.3l-1-1.1-4 4V3h-1.5v11.3L7 10.2l-1 1.1 6.2 5.8 5.8-5.8zm.5 3.7v3.5h-13V15H4v5h16v-5h-1.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span>Scarica il PDF in inglese<\/span><\/button><p class=\"up\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi fi-pdf\"><\/i><\/p><p class=\"down\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi-folder-o\"><\/i><span class=\"file-size\">477 KB<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><quick-download-button-info class=\"qdb-btn-info\"><\/quick-download-button-info><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019invasione su vasta scala dell\u2019Ucraina da parte della Russia il 24 febbraio ha dimostrato ancora una volta che, purtroppo, nell\u2019attuale andamento delle relazioni internazionali e della politica mondiale la legge della forza prevale sullo Stato di diritto. Le Nazioni Unite, create dopo il fallimento della Societ\u00e0 delle Nazioni nel mantenere la pace e la sicurezza globali, sembrano oggi destinate alla stessa sorte. Le Nazioni Unite, organizzazione internazionale a vocazione universale composta da 193 membri e incentrata sul Consiglio di sicurezza dell\u2019ONU, si sono rivelate inefficaci nella risposta ai grandi conflitti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The organization performs significantly worse than anyone would expect, considering the wide range of responsibilities it possesses. The UN actually encountered the biggest crisis in Europe since the end of World War II &#8211; Russia&#8217;s unprovoked and unjustified war of aggression against Ukraine. Analysts, experts, and politicians often question the UN&#8217;s ability to defend the rules-based world order. Some of them believe that given the current context, the Organization is facing its \u201cSan Francisco moment\u201d, which means that the Organization is now at a crossroads and needs to change with regard to current geopolitical realities and challenges that the world faces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since the Organization is largely unprepared to deal with the major crises of contemporary international affairs, it has to be reformed. One could argue that the Organization is quite effective in terms of global governance, poverty relief, solving minor international conflicts, etc. Despite the growing fear of all-out war and its consequences on the European continent, the United Nations was unable to address the situation. Russia used almost all possible weaponry against Ukraine, ranging from tanks, warplanes, and military ships to ballistic and cruise missiles, artillery systems, etc. There are several reasons for the UN&#8217;s weakness, including Russia holding the seat of permanent member in the UNSC and blocking any resolution that might be proposed. Hence the UN has only two ways out: to follow the example of the League of Nations or to adapt to the realities of nowadays and acknowledge that it cannot operate efficiently in the current form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Gli sforzi delle Nazioni Unite nella guerra russo-ucraina<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"380\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png 380w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the night of 23 to 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale war against Ukraine, putting in danger the entire population, targeting military and critical infrastructure, causing deaths and suffering among civilians. A large number of refugees from Ukraine have entered neighboring nations and thousands more have been displaced within the country. Russia brutally violated international law and the borders of a sovereign country, while breaching the UN Charter and the fundamental values of the United Nations. Russia&#8217;s veto paralyzed the UN Security Council&#8217;s ability to pass any resolution. Antonio Guterres, the Secretary General of the United Nations, announced the immediate allocation of $20 million in order to urgently provide relief assistance to Ukraine. However, taking into account the size of the country, it was not enough. The UN focused mainly on providing humanitarian aid to the civilian population of Ukraine. On the 2nd of March, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution condemning Russian aggression (141 votes in favor, 5 against, and 35 abstentions). On the 24th of March, the UN General Assembly demanded civilian protection and humanitarian access in Ukraine and at the same time criticized Russia for fueling the dire humanitarian situation across the country (140 votes in favor, 5 against, and 38 abstentions).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The UN supported independent investigation of possible war crimes committed during Russia\u2019s war against Ukraine and established its own independent commission. A significant measure was taken by the UN General Assembly on the 7th of April, which voted for the suspension of Russia from the UN Human Rights Council (93 votes in favor, 24 against, and 58 abstentions). It was the second time in the history of the UN when a member was suspended from the HRC, following the example of Libya in 2011. &nbsp;At the end of April, the Secretary General of the United Nations visited both Russia and Ukraine. This was right after the whole world witnessed the horrible images of tortured civilians and evidence of Russia\u2019s war crimes in Bucha, Irpin, Hostomel, and other cities of the Kyiv region. On May 6, the UNSC supported Secretary General\u2019s efforts to bring peace and diplomatic efforts. However, the diplomatic solution was not possible due to Russia\u2019s war efforts and the ultimatums it put on Ukraine. Even more, Moscow turned the UNSC into its platform to spread lies about Ukraine and broadcast its propaganda. As a body with vast responsibility to ensure security and peace, the UNSC instead has been spammed by Russia with its false claims of Ukraine&#8217;s use of \u201cdirty bombs\u201d, \u201cbiological weapons&#8221; and &#8220;combat mosquitoes&#8221;. As the US Representative to the United Nations Linda Thomas-Greenfield put it, UNSC meetings convened by Russia are a \u201cwaste of time&#8221; and only serve to launch disinformation campaigns and \u201cdistract from the atrocities Russian forces are carrying out in Ukraine and a desperate tactic to justify an unjustifiable war\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"627\" height=\"387\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png 627w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2-600x370.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u201c<em>La soddisfazione per la risposta delle Nazioni Unite alla guerra in Ucraina \u00e8 inferiore a quella registrata per le altre autorit\u00e0 pubbliche: 40%<\/em>\u201d. &#8211; Eurobarometer report \u201cEU\u2019s response to the war in Ukraine\u201d, survey in EU, May 2022<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nove mesi di guerra hanno dimostrato che l\u2019ONU non \u00e8 stata in grado di fornire soluzioni significative per fermare la guerra di aggressione non provocata e ingiustificata della Russia. L\u2019ONU non \u00e8 riuscita n\u00e9 a prevenire il conflitto prima del suo inizio n\u00e9 a fermarlo, semplicemente a causa della posizione di un Paese, la Russia. Pertanto, l\u2019ONU ha potuto concentrarsi solo su tre attivit\u00e0 fondamentali: fornire aiuti umanitari, condannare politicamente l\u2019aggressione russa attraverso gli strumenti dell\u2019Assemblea generale dell\u2019ONU e sostenere le indagini sulle violazioni dei diritti umani tracciando i crimini di guerra commessi in Ucraina.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"419\" height=\"279\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-3.png 419w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-3-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Humanitarian aid was indeed useful, but still limited. The longer the war continues, the more aid efforts the UN will need to make. With respect to political criticism of Russia, the UN has been able to present the UNGA&#8217;s point of view on Russia&#8217;s war. It has been able to condemn Russia&#8217;s actions and stop its membership in the Human Rights Council. The only big victory that the UN can record could probably be the so-called \u201cgrain deal\u201d to unblock Ukraine\u2019s Black Sea ports to avert the global food crisis. Taking into account the significant responsibilities that were delegated to the UN and its Security Council, all of that seems to be limited and not sufficient for an organization like the United Nations. The rules-based international order cannot be preserved in the current format and configuration of the UN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Le sfide dell\u2019aggressione russa e perch\u00e9 abbiamo bisogno di un\u2019ONU forte<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A stable and predictable international order cannot be achieved by the individual efforts of states; it must be the primary responsibility of the United Nations. Otherwise, coercive measures, threats of force, and the use of force will become a normal practice of inter-state relations, which is unacceptable for any independent nation. The aggressive pursuit of redrawing borders, and undermining of sovereignty and territorial integrity &#8211; are the critical challenges facing the UN that was created to handle such challenges back in 1945.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il dibattito sulla scarsa efficacia dell\u2019ONU e del suo Consiglio di sicurezza non \u00e8 nuovo per la comunit\u00e0 internazionale. La necessit\u00e0 di riformare l\u2019ONU e i suoi principali organi \u00e8 stata ampiamente discussa. La guerra russo-ucraina ha infine messo in evidenza tutte le debolezze dell\u2019ordine mondiale nel sistema dell\u2019ONU. Una potenza nucleare, pur detenendo un seggio permanente nel Consiglio di sicurezza dell\u2019ONU, \u00e8 parte di un conflitto che minaccia non solo la stabilit\u00e0 regionale in Europa, ma ha ripercussioni ben oltre i confini dell\u2019Ucraina e della Russia. Il Cremlino non ha solo usato armi convenzionali contro l\u2019Ucraina, ma ha anche adottato una strategia di ricatto totale. Tale strategia include minacce di usare armi nucleari e la minaccia di attacchi terroristici contro le centrali nucleari, come nel caso della centrale di Chornobyl, dove Mosca ha dislocato il proprio personale militare. Lo stesso avviene con la centrale nucleare di Zaporizhzhia (la pi\u00f9 grande d\u2019Europa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prendere di mira infrastrutture civili \u2014 scuole, ospedali ed edifici residenziali \u2014 \u00e8 un\u2019altra dimensione di quella strategia. Anche l\u2019uso di missili da crociera e balistici per distruggere le infrastrutture energetiche e critiche ucraine causa sofferenze alla popolazione civile. Questo, a sua volta, potrebbe provocare una crisi umanitaria e dei rifugiati di proporzioni drammatiche, poich\u00e9 le persone saranno costrette a lasciare le loro case per sopravvivere durante l\u2019inverno. Inoltre, Mosca inasprisce il conflitto e aumenta la posta del proprio ricatto. Non minaccia solo l\u2019Ucraina con le sue armi nucleari, ma il mondo intero. Funzionari russi e propagandisti filorussi hanno minacciato altri Paesi, comprese potenze nucleari quali gli Stati Uniti, la Francia e il Regno Unito, di usare armi nucleari contro di essi, nonch\u00e9 contro qualsiasi Paese potesse interferire nel conflitto. Tale condotta ha persino suscitato una reazione del partner pi\u00f9 vicino della Russia: durante il vertice del G20, il ministro degli Esteri cinese Wang Yi ha dichiarato che \u00abuna guerra nucleare non pu\u00f2 essere vinta e non deve mai essere combattuta\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The mere fact that the country uses nukes in its rhetoric against non-nuclear power had to be a turning point when the UN was supposed to step in. But unfortunately, the UN&#8217;s response was too weak. Indeed, the Secretary General of the UN criticized the use of nuclear blackmail, but it has no practical meaning. The UN and IEA\u2019s attempts to establish a military-free zone around Zaporizhzhia NPP also failed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Russia \u00e8 probabilmente l\u2019unico Paese ad aver seriamente intensificato il conflitto nucleare dalla crisi dei missili di Cuba. Il ricatto della Russia influenza direttamente il regime di non proliferazione, pietra angolare della sicurezza e della stabilit\u00e0 mondiale. L\u2019attacco all\u2019Ucraina \u2014 che aveva rinunciato alle proprie armi nucleari in cambio del rispetto della sua sovranit\u00e0 e integrit\u00e0 territoriale, in base al Memorandum di Budapest \u2014 da parte del Paese con il pi\u00f9 grande arsenale nucleare del mondo e firmatario di quel documento, compromette gravemente ogni sforzo di non proliferazione. Un precedente creato dalla Russia potrebbe causare instabilit\u00e0 e caos difficili da gestire, poich\u00e9 i Paesi potrebbero iniziare a sentirsi insicuri, con conseguenze disastrose per l\u2019ordine internazionale basato sulle regole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La guerra tra Russia e Ucraina ha dimostrato che l\u2019ONU non \u00e8 in grado di rispondere efficacemente alle minacce. Come gi\u00e0 menzionato, l\u2019ONU non pu\u00f2 operare nella sua forma attuale e deve essere riformata quanto prima. La debolezza dell\u2019ONU incoragger\u00e0 ulteriormente gli Stati e i loro comportamenti aggressivi, poich\u00e9 l\u2019ONU non \u00e8 in grado di fornire soluzioni cruciali per fermare e prevenire i conflitti. L\u2019attuale configurazione del Consiglio di sicurezza dell\u2019ONU non riflette la realt\u00e0 moderna; pertanto, \u00e8 impossibile aspettarsene l\u2019efficacia.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"455\" height=\"238\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7377\" style=\"width:327px;height:171px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-4.png 455w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-4-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>L\u2019ambasciatore russo presso l\u2019ONU Vasily Nebenzya<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moreover, the veto right in the UNSC allows permanent members of the UNSC to block any decision and thus paralyze the main institution whose purpose is to maintain international peace and security. According to various sources, Russia has used the veto right in the UNSC 121 times as of May 2022. In addition, the resolutions do not only concern Ukraine, but other countries that the UN was focusing on, such as Syria. The veto right seems to be out-of-date and continues to discriminate against non-permanent members of the UN. Using the privilege of veto, a UNSC permanent member can avoid responsibility and use &#8220;political mimicry&#8221;, when an aggressor pretends to be a victim and accuses the other party, the real victim, in an attempt to shift responsibility. Despite the fact, that the General Assembly adopted a resolution that forces permanent members of the UNSC to justify the use of the veto right, it does not really change the situation in general.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Ways of Strengthening the UN&#8217;s Response to the War in Ukraine and Future Conflicts<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Riforma del Consiglio di sicurezza delle Nazioni Unite<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The UN&#8217;s overall weak performance is not a newly emerging problem, and ways to strengthen its capabilities are being discussed widely in the scientific, political, and diplomatic communities. There are several scenarios and proposals for how to reform the UN Security Council:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>1) Ampliare il numero sia dei membri permanenti sia di quelli non permanenti del Consiglio di sicurezza dell\u2019ONU <\/strong><strong>per<\/strong><strong> rafforzare <\/strong><strong>la <\/strong><strong>rappresentanza geografica delle regioni;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2) Abolire il diritto di veto o limitare il privilegio di veto per i Paesi che mettono in pericolo la pace e la sicurezza internazionali;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3) Modificare il sistema di voto: passare dall\u2019unanimit\u00e0 al voto a maggioranza qualificata (QMV).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"403\" height=\"306\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7378\" style=\"width:349px;height:265px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-5.png 403w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-5-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>L\u2019ambasciatore dell\u2019Ucraina presso l\u2019ONU <\/em><br><em>Serhiy Kyslytsya reads the book &#8220;What is wrong<\/em><br><em> with diplomacy&#8221; during the speech of <\/em><br><em>ambasciatore russo<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poich\u00e9 nessuna di queste misure pu\u00f2 essere attuata senza il sostegno della Russia, \u00e8 opportuno ricordare che l\u2019Ucraina ha assunto una posizione coerente riguardo alla riforma dell\u2019ONU. Il rappresentante permanente dell\u2019Ucraina presso le Nazioni Unite, Sergiy Kyslytsya, si \u00e8 impegnato attivamente a promuovere le posizioni dell\u2019Ucraina nel processo di riforma dell\u2019ONU e a rafforzarne il ruolo. Durante la sessione dell\u2019Assemblea generale dell\u2019ONU del 19 aprile, Kyslytsya ha invitato l\u2019ONU a riesaminare la presenza della Russia nel Consiglio di sicurezza dell\u2019ONU e il suo diritto di veto, che ostacola la capacit\u00e0 del Consiglio di conseguire il suo obiettivo principale di mantenere la pace e la sicurezza internazionali. In un\u2019intervista al Kyiv Post, Kyslytsya ha affermato: \u201c<strong>Se questa guerra, questa aggressione non porter\u00e0 a un cambiamento significativo dell\u2019architettura del Consiglio di sicurezza e del modo in cui il Consiglio di sicurezza affronta le aggressioni militari, ci\u00f2 significher\u00e0 sostanzialmente la fine del Consiglio di sicurezza e della sua reputazione, e sarebbe davvero molto deplorevole<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reform of the UNSC is needed, but in order to achieve it, the UN Charter must be amended. It can only be done if 2\/3 of the UNGA votes in favor, including all permanent members of the UNSC. Despite the fact, that many countries support the UNSC reform, it cannot be done without Russia\u2019s approval. Considering that Russia\u2019s removal from the United Nations is not likely because of a lack of political will, it could be a major precedent in the history of the UN. In addition, it could be a lesson for other states who conduct aggressive foreign policy. Nevertheless, an interesting possibility has been raised regarding the expulsion of Russia&#8217;s delegation from UNGA sessions at the very least, following the case of the Republic of South Africa. In light of South Africa&#8217;s apartheid policy in the 1970s, the UNGA refused to accept credentials provided by the delegation of South Africa.<strong> <\/strong>Questa opzione resta tuttavia piuttosto controversa, poich\u00e9 i giuristi internazionali ne mettono in dubbio la legittimit\u00e0. L\u2019ONU dovrebbe per\u00f2 intensificare il dibattito su tali opzioni. Poich\u00e9 molti Stati sostengono l\u2019idea della riforma e del rafforzamento dell\u2019ONU, tutte le possibilit\u00e0 dovrebbero essere discusse. Per trasformare l\u2019ONU in conformit\u00e0 con la realt\u00e0 attuale, gli Stati dovrebbero assumere una posizione pi\u00f9 proattiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esiste anche una proposta ucraina che sembra piuttosto creativa e logica su come limitare la partecipazione della Russia all\u2019ONU. Il problema dell\u2019ONU e del suo Consiglio di sicurezza \u00e8 molto pi\u00f9 profondo di quanto si possa pensare. Quando le Nazioni Unite furono istituite per la prima volta alla conferenza di San Francisco,<strong> Article 23 provided that &#8220;the Republic of China, France, <u>l\u2019Unione delle Repubbliche Socialiste Sovietiche<\/u>, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America shall be permanent members of the Security Council&#8221;<\/strong>. It is argued by Ukrainian diplomats that there are no public records confirming that Russia applied for UN membership after the collapse of the Soviet Union as required by the UN Charter. The UN Secretariat has not yet disclosed any official documents supporting Russia\u2019s position in the UNSC. In the case of Czechoslovakia, which ceased to exist in 1992, the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia have undergone a new accession process. They have received approval from the UNSC and the UNGA. The same can be said about the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Serbia, just like Russia, declared itself to be a successor of the previous political entity, however, its application was rejected by the UNSC. That is why all the newly formed states were supposed to follow the same procedure as the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Thus, Ukraine demands that Russia must pass through this process of being accepted into the UN and UNSC, but until then, Russia&#8217;s membership should be considered illegal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rafforzamento dell\u2019Assemblea generale delle Nazioni Unite nella promozione della pace e della sicurezza internazionali <\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As UNSC is not able to be a true safeguard of international peace without being reformed, members of the UN should pay attention to the UNGA. Even though UNGA resolutions are recommendations, they can be crucial in providing a political assessment of Russia&#8217;s actions in Ukraine, holding Russia accountable, and developing a joint position among states within the UN to isolate and pressure Russia. After all, the UNGA is the only universally representative body of the UN, it has a substantial political significance. As it may be difficult to expel Russia in practice, UNGA instruments are crucial in keeping Russia within the scope of international legal responsibility. The backbone of the coalition to exert pressure on Russia via UNGA could be all the members of the &#8220;Rammstein format\u201d, aiming to expand the number of countries supporting Ukraine in the UN, including those who stick to the non-alignment policy with regard to Russia\u2019s war against Ukraine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi sono due esempi di come l\u2019Assemblea generale dell\u2019ONU abbia recentemente sostenuto l\u2019ordine basato sulle regole. Innanzitutto, l\u2019adozione della risoluzione <strong>\u00abIntegrit\u00e0 territoriale dell\u2019Ucraina: difendere i principi della Carta delle Nazioni Unite\u00bb<\/strong>, che ha raccolto 143 voti favorevoli, a dimostrazione del crescente sostegno all\u2019Ucraina nell\u2019ONU. La risoluzione ha condannato gli pseudo-referendum russi svoltisi nei territori temporaneamente occupati dell\u2019Ucraina. Il secondo risultato significativo \u00e8 una risoluzione <strong>\u00abPromozione di mezzi di ricorso e riparazione per l\u2019aggressione contro l\u2019Ucraina\u00bb<\/strong>. La risoluzione raccomanda che i membri dell\u2019ONU, in cooperazione con l\u2019Ucraina, creino un Registro internazionale dei danni che funga da base documentale per le riparazioni della Russia all\u2019Ucraina e alle vittime della guerra di aggressione russa. 94 membri dell\u2019Assemblea generale dell\u2019ONU hanno sostenuto questa risoluzione. Bench\u00e9 le risoluzioni dell\u2019Assemblea generale dell\u2019ONU non abbiano natura vincolante, mantengono comunque un peso politico. Volodymyr Zelenskyi, nel suo intervento, ha affermato che <strong>\u00abLe riparazioni che la Russia dovr\u00e0 pagare per ci\u00f2 che ha fatto fanno ormai parte della realt\u00e0 giuridica internazionale\u00bb<\/strong>. Of course, we need to see the impact of the resolution in the near future, but in practice, it can be a deterrent to future aggressive wars. The UN resolution empowers states and their governments to implement mechanisms that would allow using frozen Russian assets to compensate for the damage caused by the war. As Russia is unlikely to pay reparations in good faith, the resolution could be an invaluable step towards justice and international law&#8217;s reinforcement. Any country which would like to follow Russia\u2019s example could face the same result of its assets being frozen and confiscated. Any potential aggressive intentions could be deterred and hampered by this. As Kyslytsya noted when he talked about the resolution, \u201c<strong>Operer\u00e0 a beneficio di tutti coloro che sono minacciati ora o che potrebbero essere minacciati in futuro dall\u2019uso della forza<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Therefore, it is high time to restore the authority of the United Nations. If not now, then we might expect a series of unpredictable events in the nearest future that will put the world in chaos. Russia\u2019s war of aggression has to be a lesson for the UN and its members. Members of the UN should support Ukraine&#8217;s claims about Russia&#8217;s illegal occupation of the seat of the permanent member of the UNSC. Participating countries must continue strengthening the power of the UNGA and accelerate cooperation within this influential body of the United Nations. The success of the United Nations depends on how much meaning its members give to the Organization. If member states continue to ignore the UN&#8217;s instruments and potential, the Organization will suffer the same fate as the League of Nations. International affairs, in such conditions, will revert to old-style power politics with significant consequences for the stability and predictability of the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Russia\u2019s large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24 has once again shown that, unfortunately, in the current trend of international relations and world politics the law of force prevails over the rule of law. The United Nations, which was created after the failure of the League of Nations to maintain global peace and security, seems [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":7374,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,13],"tags":[],"topic":[84,87,86,92],"class_list":["post-7372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eng-central-eastern-europe","category-en-analyses","topic-russia","topic-security","topic-ukraine","topic-war"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Can the UN Survive Russia\u2019s War on Ukraine? | TDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The analysis assesses whether the United Nations can respond effectively to Russia\u2019s aggression, enforce accountability and 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