{"id":6690,"date":"2022-10-06T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-10-06T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=6690"},"modified":"2025-08-21T14:37:20","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T11:37:20","slug":"studying-during-the-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/it\/2022\/10\/06\/studying-during-the-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Studiare durante la guerra"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-quick-download-button-download-button aligncenter qdbn-wrapper\"><div class=\"qdbn\" data-plugin-name=\"qdbn\" data-style=\"large\" data-file=\"hide-file\" data-size=\"hide-size\"><div class=\"qdbn-download-button-inner\"><button type=\"button\" data-button-type=\"large\" class=\"g-btn f-l\" style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:25px;border:1px solid #e2e2e2\" data-attachment-id=\"14955\" data-page-id=\"8262\" data-post-id=\"\" data-have-external=\"false\" data-external-url=\"\" data-wait-duration=\"0\" data-target-blank=\"false\" data-msg=\"Attendere, per favore\u2026\" data-member=\"0\" data-has-icon-dark=\"true\" title=\"Scarica il PDF in inglese\"><span class=\"download-btn-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 11.3l-1-1.1-4 4V3h-1.5v11.3L7 10.2l-1 1.1 6.2 5.8 5.8-5.8zm.5 3.7v3.5h-13V15H4v5h16v-5h-1.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span>Scarica il PDF in inglese<\/span><\/button><p class=\"up\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi fi-pdf\"><\/i><\/p><p class=\"down\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi-folder-o\"><\/i><span class=\"file-size\">184 KB<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><quick-download-button-info class=\"qdb-btn-info\"><\/quick-download-button-info><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con l'avvicinarsi del nuovo anno scolastico, la questione dell'istruzione durante la guerra \u00e8 diventata estremamente urgente e importante. Considerata la necessit\u00e0 di regolamentare la situazione educativa nel Paese, le autorit\u00e0 hanno scelto diverse strategie per preparare il processo educativo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left\"><strong>La situazione nelle scuole<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After long discussions between parents, teachers and authorities regarding the form of education in Ukrainian schools, the Ministry of Education and Science proposed to start the school year according to the following principle: no child will be excluded from the educational process thanks to the parents&#8217; independent choice of their form of education. It was a kind of compromise between several opposing points of view. Thus, the school administration and children&#8217;s parents received several options for providing\/receiving educational services for students (with the possibility of switching between them):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Modalit\u00e0 in presenza (con numerosi requisiti per gli istituti scolastici; va considerata anche la situazione della sicurezza nella regione; per esempio, le scuole di Kharkiv, Dnipro e Mykolaiv non hanno questa possibilit\u00e0 a causa dell'elevato pericolo per la vita degli alunni);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modalit\u00e0 online;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Istruzione familiare (studio a casa);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modalit\u00e0 mista (lezioni sia online sia in presenza);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Esame da privatista.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So, on September 1, studying in Ukrainian schools started. According to the statement of the Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine, Serhiy Shkarlet, about 13 thousand schools in all regions of Ukraine were involved in the educational process, among which a significant number provide their services online &#8211; 45.3%, 29.2% were fully offline, and 25.5% offer a mixed form of education. Currently, about 3.9 million schoolchildren study in Ukrainian schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Agli istituti scolastici che accolgono i bambini tra le mura della scuola sono imposte rigorose condizioni di sicurezza: disponibilit\u00e0 di un rifugio antiaereo nell'edificio scolastico (attualmente solo il 68% degli istituti ne dispone) o entro un raggio di 100 m; durante un'allerta aerea, il processo educativo deve essere sospeso e tutti i partecipanti devono spostarsi nel rifugio; dotazione del rifugio di Wi-fi di alta qualit\u00e0 per svolgere le lezioni; i rifugi antiaerei dovrebbero avere scorte alimentari per almeno due giorni, ecc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Non va dimenticato che pi\u00f9 di 400,000 studenti ucraini continuano a studiare all'estero. Per esempio, nella vicina Polonia vi sono circa 180,000 bambini in et\u00e0 scolare; alcuni frequentano la nuova scuola polacca e contemporaneamente proseguono a distanza gli studi in Ucraina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il Ministero dell'Istruzione e della Scienza dell'Ucraina \u00e8 riuscito a offrire un'opzione praticabile di libera scelta, consentendo a scuole, bambini e genitori di risolvere autonomamente, entro i limiti proposti, i problemi organizzativi del processo educativo. In effetti, i metodi adottati possono essere molto controversi, per la difficile realizzazione di rifugi antiaerei in alcune scuole del Paese, la scarsa preparazione alla didattica a distanza o il pericolo e lo stress del processo educativo in presenza; tuttavia, sono state adottate le misure pi\u00f9 adeguate per il funzionamento del sistema educativo ucraino durante una guerra su vasta scala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-left\"><strong>La situazione nelle universit\u00e0<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La legislazione ucraina riconosce alle universit\u00e0 autonomia nelle decisioni riguardanti l'avvio e la durata dell'anno accademico 2022\/2023; tuttavia, le amministrazioni universitarie devono tenere conto delle raccomandazioni del Ministero della Salute e del Ministero dell'Istruzione e della Scienza sulla situazione della sicurezza nella regione. Un sondaggio condotto ad agosto dal Ministero dell'Istruzione e della Scienza ha mostrato che molti studenti sentivano la mancanza della formazione in presenza, ma allo stesso tempo un numero significativo di partecipanti al percorso di istruzione superiore desiderava iniziare questo anno accademico online.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some institutions started studying in August, others &#8211; in September. Universities work according to three forms of education: offline, online and mixed &#8211; which directly depends on the risks to students&#8217; lives, as well as several other factors, for example, the major chosen by students. It is interesting that current differences in the forms of education are observed not only among universities but also among faculties of the same university. The requirements for offline studying are identical to those are for schools: arrangement of bomb shelters, availability of reliable air warning systems, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"524\" height=\"186\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6692\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image.png 524w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image-18x6.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 524px) 100vw, 524px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Di conseguenza, la flessibilit\u00e0 dell'istruzione superiore \u00e8 piuttosto problematica. Attualmente molti studenti sono all'estero, ma lo studio universitario a tempo pieno o misto li costringe a tornare in Ucraina, poich\u00e9 altrimenti rischiano una decurtazione dei punti o di prendere un anno sabbatico (con la possibilit\u00e0 di perdere il finanziamento della borsa di studio).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il carico psicologico sostenuto dagli studenti si ripercuote negativamente sulla loro condizione e sugli studi. Poich\u00e9 le dure notizie della guerra non sono cessate, gli studenti devono anche rispettare le scadenze; iniziare a studiare ha quindi solo aumentato l'ansia e lo stress. Le interruzioni causate dalle sirene antiaeree durante l'apprendimento in presenza o l'ignorare l'allarme durante le lezioni online ostacolano l'acquisizione di competenze e conoscenze professionali. Un certo numero di studenti abbandona letteralmente il percorso di apprendimento, poich\u00e9 cambia continuamente luogo di residenza alla ricerca di sicurezza ed \u00e8 costretto a lavorare per mantenere s\u00e9 stesso e la propria famiglia mentre vive in altri Paesi e fusi orari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il sistema di istruzione superiore ha avviato un nuovo anno accademico in condizioni di guerra, ma presenta ancora notevoli carenze e lacune, per cui la qualit\u00e0 dell'istruzione diminuisce oppure non tutti i gruppi di studenti ucraini riescono ad accedervi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The issue of education during the war became very acute and important as the new school year approached. Considering the need to regulate the educational situation in the state, the authorities chose different strategies for the preparation of the educational process. The situation in schools After long discussions between parents, teachers and authorities regarding the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6692,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"topic":[115,86,92],"class_list":["post-6690","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-en-analyses","topic-resilience","topic-ukraine","topic-war"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Studying During Russia\u2019s War in Ukraine | TDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ukraine\u2019s schools offered in-person, remote and mixed learning during wartime, balancing access to education with air-raid and infrastructure risks.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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