{"id":42528,"date":"2026-01-08T16:35:15","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T14:35:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?tdc-native-operation=tdc-33834-824f4d61b314a3c78fc2&amp;locale=hi_IN"},"modified":"2026-09-29T04:38:21","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T01:38:21","slug":"frank-ledwidge-6","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/hi\/frank-ledwidge-6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0921\u0935\u093f\u091c"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"42528\" class=\"elementor elementor-42528\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d827834 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d827834\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1bcd2be\" data-id=\"1bcd2be\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49e7b1d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49e7b1d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0921\u0935\u093f\u091c<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1367822 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1367822\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4251242\" data-id=\"4251242\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a25b43c elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"a25b43c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"yulia-osmolovska\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6208a61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6208a61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Frank_Ledwidge-2.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-33836\" alt=\"Frank Ledwidge \u0915\u093e \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Frank_Ledwidge-2.webp 300w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Frank_Ledwidge-2-14x12.webp 14w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d4ec0b0\" data-id=\"d4ec0b0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-782646a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"782646a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0921\u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c <\/strong><strong>\u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092b\u0947\u0932\u094b <\/strong>\u0939\u0948\u0902<strong> \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0932\u0949\u0917 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p><p>\u0906\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0948\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0920 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093f\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 <em>\u0938\u094b\u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918<\/em> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923, \u0906\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0924\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0925\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u091c\u094d\u091e\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0930\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0908 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0916\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964<\/p><p>\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 2007-2008 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u0939\u0947\u0932\u092e\u0902\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0942\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u0928<\/strong> \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u2018<strong>\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/strong>\u2019 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 (2011-12) <strong>\u0932\u0940\u092c\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0942\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0938<\/strong> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>\u0935\u0947 <strong>\u0915\u0908 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915<\/strong> \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 &#8216;<em>Losing Small Wars<\/em>&#8216; (Yale 2011 2nd Edition 2017) \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 <strong>the Times<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>Amazon UK<\/strong> \u0928\u0947 &#8216;\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915&#8217; \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 &#8216;Losing Small Wars&#8217; \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 &#8216;<em>Aerial Warfare<\/em>&#8216; (OUP 2018) \u0915\u094b RAF \u0915\u0940 &#8216;Chief of the Air Staff&#8217;s Reading list&#8217; \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 <strong>Military History Matters<\/strong> \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e &#8216;Military book of the Year&#8217; \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0936\u0949\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0932\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964\u00a0<\/p><p>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u0935\u0902\u092c\u0930 2019 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930-\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0947\u0924\u093e &#8216;<strong>Panorama<\/strong>&#8216; \u091c\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0908 \u091f\u0940\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u093e\u0909\u0938 \u0911\u092b \u0915\u0949\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0921\u093f\u092b\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u092e\u0947\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0926\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f, \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p><p>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 <strong>\u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u092b\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0921\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 <strong>\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c \u0932\u0902\u0926\u0928<\/strong> \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0949\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0939\u0948\u0964\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0907\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948:<\/p><p>\u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901, \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/p><p>\u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/p><p>\u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Frank Ledwidge \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0921\u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092b\u0947\u0932\u094b \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0905\u091f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0932\u0949\u0917 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0906\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u0948\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0920 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093f\u0924\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0936\u0915 \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u094b\u0935\u093f\u092f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923, \u0906\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u0924\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0940 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-42528","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Frank Ledwidge - Transatlantic Dialogue Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0902\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0921\u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c \u091f\u0940\u0921\u0940\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092b\u0947\u0932\u094b \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f 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