{"id":7372,"date":"2022-12-08T10:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-08T08:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=7372"},"modified":"2025-08-04T12:00:16","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T09:00:16","slug":"united-nations-at-the-crossroads-will-the-un-survive-russias-war-of-aggression-against-ukraine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/fr\/2022\/12\/08\/united-nations-at-the-crossroads-will-the-un-survive-russias-war-of-aggression-against-ukraine\/","title":{"rendered":"Les Nations unies \u00e0 la crois\u00e9e des chemins : l\u2019ONU survivra-t-elle \u00e0 la guerre d\u2019agression men\u00e9e par la Russie contre l\u2019Ukraine ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-quick-download-button-download-button aligncenter qdbn-wrapper\"><div class=\"qdbn\" data-plugin-name=\"qdbn\" data-style=\"large\" data-file=\"hide-file\" data-size=\"hide-size\"><div class=\"qdbn-download-button-inner\"><button type=\"button\" data-button-type=\"large\" class=\"g-btn f-l\" style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:25px;border:1px solid #e2e2e2\" data-attachment-id=\"15642\" data-page-id=\"8262\" data-post-id=\"\" data-have-external=\"false\" data-external-url=\"\" data-wait-duration=\"0\" data-target-blank=\"true\" data-msg=\"Veuillez patienter\u2026\" data-member=\"0\" data-has-icon-dark=\"true\" title=\"T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF en anglais\"><span class=\"download-btn-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 11.3l-1-1.1-4 4V3h-1.5v11.3L7 10.2l-1 1.1 6.2 5.8 5.8-5.8zm.5 3.7v3.5h-13V15H4v5h16v-5h-1.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF en anglais<\/span><\/button><p class=\"up\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi fi-pdf\"><\/i><\/p><p class=\"down\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi-folder-o\"><\/i><span class=\"file-size\">477 KB<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><quick-download-button-info class=\"qdb-btn-info\"><\/quick-download-button-info><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de l\u2019Ukraine par la Russie, le 24 f\u00e9vrier, a une fois encore montr\u00e9 que, malheureusement, dans la tendance actuelle des relations internationales et de la politique mondiale, la loi de la force pr\u00e9vaut sur l\u2019\u00e9tat de droit. Les Nations unies, cr\u00e9\u00e9es apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9chec de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Nations \u00e0 pr\u00e9server la paix et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 mondiales, semblent aujourd\u2019hui vou\u00e9es au m\u00eame sort. Les Nations unies, organisation internationale \u00e0 vocation universelle compos\u00e9e de 193 membres et ayant pour c\u0153ur le Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019ONU, se sont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9es inefficaces dans leur r\u00e9ponse aux conflits majeurs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The organization performs significantly worse than anyone would expect, considering the wide range of responsibilities it possesses. The UN actually encountered the biggest crisis in Europe since the end of World War II &#8211; Russia&#8217;s unprovoked and unjustified war of aggression against Ukraine. Analysts, experts, and politicians often question the UN&#8217;s ability to defend the rules-based world order. Some of them believe that given the current context, the Organization is facing its \u201cSan Francisco moment\u201d, which means that the Organization is now at a crossroads and needs to change with regard to current geopolitical realities and challenges that the world faces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since the Organization is largely unprepared to deal with the major crises of contemporary international affairs, it has to be reformed. One could argue that the Organization is quite effective in terms of global governance, poverty relief, solving minor international conflicts, etc. Despite the growing fear of all-out war and its consequences on the European continent, the United Nations was unable to address the situation. Russia used almost all possible weaponry against Ukraine, ranging from tanks, warplanes, and military ships to ballistic and cruise missiles, artillery systems, etc. There are several reasons for the UN&#8217;s weakness, including Russia holding the seat of permanent member in the UNSC and blocking any resolution that might be proposed. Hence the UN has only two ways out: to follow the example of the League of Nations or to adapt to the realities of nowadays and acknowledge that it cannot operate efficiently in the current form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Les efforts des Nations unies dans la guerre russo-ukrainienne<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"380\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1.png 380w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-1-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the night of 23 to 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale war against Ukraine, putting in danger the entire population, targeting military and critical infrastructure, causing deaths and suffering among civilians. A large number of refugees from Ukraine have entered neighboring nations and thousands more have been displaced within the country. Russia brutally violated international law and the borders of a sovereign country, while breaching the UN Charter and the fundamental values of the United Nations. Russia&#8217;s veto paralyzed the UN Security Council&#8217;s ability to pass any resolution. Antonio Guterres, the Secretary General of the United Nations, announced the immediate allocation of $20 million in order to urgently provide relief assistance to Ukraine. However, taking into account the size of the country, it was not enough. The UN focused mainly on providing humanitarian aid to the civilian population of Ukraine. On the 2nd of March, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution condemning Russian aggression (141 votes in favor, 5 against, and 35 abstentions). On the 24th of March, the UN General Assembly demanded civilian protection and humanitarian access in Ukraine and at the same time criticized Russia for fueling the dire humanitarian situation across the country (140 votes in favor, 5 against, and 38 abstentions).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The UN supported independent investigation of possible war crimes committed during Russia\u2019s war against Ukraine and established its own independent commission. A significant measure was taken by the UN General Assembly on the 7th of April, which voted for the suspension of Russia from the UN Human Rights Council (93 votes in favor, 24 against, and 58 abstentions). It was the second time in the history of the UN when a member was suspended from the HRC, following the example of Libya in 2011. &nbsp;At the end of April, the Secretary General of the United Nations visited both Russia and Ukraine. This was right after the whole world witnessed the horrible images of tortured civilians and evidence of Russia\u2019s war crimes in Bucha, Irpin, Hostomel, and other cities of the Kyiv region. On May 6, the UNSC supported Secretary General\u2019s efforts to bring peace and diplomatic efforts. However, the diplomatic solution was not possible due to Russia\u2019s war efforts and the ultimatums it put on Ukraine. Even more, Moscow turned the UNSC into its platform to spread lies about Ukraine and broadcast its propaganda. As a body with vast responsibility to ensure security and peace, the UNSC instead has been spammed by Russia with its false claims of Ukraine&#8217;s use of \u201cdirty bombs\u201d, \u201cbiological weapons&#8221; and &#8220;combat mosquitoes&#8221;. As the US Representative to the United Nations Linda Thomas-Greenfield put it, UNSC meetings convened by Russia are a \u201cwaste of time&#8221; and only serve to launch disinformation campaigns and \u201cdistract from the atrocities Russian forces are carrying out in Ukraine and a desperate tactic to justify an unjustifiable war\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"627\" height=\"387\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2.png 627w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2-600x370.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-2-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u201c<em>La satisfaction \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard de la r\u00e9ponse des Nations unies \u00e0 la guerre en Ukraine est inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle concernant les autres autorit\u00e9s publiques \u2014 elle s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 40 %<\/em>\u201d. &#8211; Eurobarometer report \u201cEU\u2019s response to the war in Ukraine\u201d, survey in EU, May 2022<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neuf mois de guerre ont montr\u00e9 que l\u2019ONU n\u2019\u00e9tait pas en mesure d\u2019apporter des solutions significatives pour arr\u00eater la guerre d\u2019agression non provoqu\u00e9e et injustifi\u00e9e men\u00e9e par la Russie. L\u2019ONU n\u2019a pu ni emp\u00eacher le conflit avant qu\u2019il ne commence, ni l\u2019arr\u00eater, simplement en raison de la position d\u2019un seul pays, la Russie. Elle n\u2019a donc pu se concentrer que sur trois activit\u00e9s essentielles : fournir une aide humanitaire, condamner politiquement l\u2019agression russe \u00e0 l\u2019aide des instruments de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies et soutenir les enqu\u00eates sur les violations des droits humains en documentant les crimes de guerre commis en Ukraine.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"419\" height=\"279\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-3.png 419w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-3-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Humanitarian aid was indeed useful, but still limited. The longer the war continues, the more aid efforts the UN will need to make. With respect to political criticism of Russia, the UN has been able to present the UNGA&#8217;s point of view on Russia&#8217;s war. It has been able to condemn Russia&#8217;s actions and stop its membership in the Human Rights Council. The only big victory that the UN can record could probably be the so-called \u201cgrain deal\u201d to unblock Ukraine\u2019s Black Sea ports to avert the global food crisis. Taking into account the significant responsibilities that were delegated to the UN and its Security Council, all of that seems to be limited and not sufficient for an organization like the United Nations. The rules-based international order cannot be preserved in the current format and configuration of the UN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Les d\u00e9fis de l\u2019agression russe et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019une ONU forte<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A stable and predictable international order cannot be achieved by the individual efforts of states; it must be the primary responsibility of the United Nations. Otherwise, coercive measures, threats of force, and the use of force will become a normal practice of inter-state relations, which is unacceptable for any independent nation. The aggressive pursuit of redrawing borders, and undermining of sovereignty and territorial integrity &#8211; are the critical challenges facing the UN that was created to handle such challenges back in 1945.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les discussions sur la faiblesse de l\u2019ONU et de son Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ne sont pas nouvelles pour la communaut\u00e9 internationale. La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de r\u00e9former l\u2019ONU et ses principaux organes a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement d\u00e9battue. La guerre russo-ukrainienne a finalement mis en \u00e9vidence toutes les faiblesses de l\u2019ordre mondial r\u00e9gi par le syst\u00e8me onusien. Bien qu\u2019elle dispose d\u2019un si\u00e8ge permanent au Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, une puissance nucl\u00e9aire est partie \u00e0 un conflit qui menace non seulement la stabilit\u00e9 r\u00e9gionale en Europe, mais dont les r\u00e9percussions d\u00e9passent largement les fronti\u00e8res de l\u2019Ukraine et de la Russie. Le Kremlin a non seulement employ\u00e9 des armes conventionnelles contre l\u2019Ukraine, mais aussi une strat\u00e9gie de chantage total. Celle-ci comprend des menaces d\u2019emploi d\u2019armes nucl\u00e9aires et la menace d\u2019attaques terroristes contre des centrales nucl\u00e9aires, comme Moscou l\u2019a fait \u00e0 Tchornobyl, o\u00f9 elle avait bas\u00e9 ses militaires. Il en va de m\u00eame pour la centrale nucl\u00e9aire de Zaporijjia, la plus grande d\u2019Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le ciblage des infrastructures civiles \u2014 \u00e9coles, h\u00f4pitaux et b\u00e2timents r\u00e9sidentiels \u2014 constitue une autre dimension de cette strat\u00e9gie. De m\u00eame, l\u2019emploi de missiles de croisi\u00e8re et balistiques pour d\u00e9truire les infrastructures \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques et critiques ukrainiennes fait souffrir la population civile. Cela pourrait \u00e0 son tour provoquer une crise humanitaire et de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s aux proportions dramatiques, les personnes \u00e9tant contraintes de quitter leur foyer pour survivre \u00e0 l\u2019hiver. En outre, Moscou escalade le conflit et augmente les enjeux de son chantage. Elle ne menace pas seulement l\u2019Ukraine de ses armes nucl\u00e9aires, mais le monde entier. Des responsables russes et des propagandistes pro-russes ont menac\u00e9 d\u2019autres pays, y compris des puissances nucl\u00e9aires comme les \u00c9tats-Unis, la France et le Royaume-Uni, d\u2019utiliser des armes nucl\u00e9aires contre eux, ainsi que contre tout pays susceptible d\u2019intervenir dans le conflit. Ce comportement a m\u00eame suscit\u00e9 une r\u00e9action du plus proche partenaire de la Russie : lors du sommet du G20, le ministre chinois des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res Wang Yi a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu\u2019\u00ab une guerre nucl\u00e9aire ne peut \u00eatre gagn\u00e9e et ne doit jamais \u00eatre men\u00e9e \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The mere fact that the country uses nukes in its rhetoric against non-nuclear power had to be a turning point when the UN was supposed to step in. But unfortunately, the UN&#8217;s response was too weak. Indeed, the Secretary General of the UN criticized the use of nuclear blackmail, but it has no practical meaning. The UN and IEA\u2019s attempts to establish a military-free zone around Zaporizhzhia NPP also failed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Russie est probablement le seul pays \u00e0 avoir s\u00e9rieusement fait monter le conflit nucl\u00e9aire depuis la crise des missiles de Cuba. Son chantage influence directement le r\u00e9gime de non-prolif\u00e9ration, pierre angulaire de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de la stabilit\u00e9 mondiales. L\u2019attaque contre l\u2019Ukraine, qui a renonc\u00e9 \u00e0 ses armes nucl\u00e9aires en \u00e9change du respect de sa souverainet\u00e9 et de son int\u00e9grit\u00e9 territoriale conform\u00e9ment au m\u00e9morandum de Budapest, par le pays d\u00e9tenant le plus grand arsenal nucl\u00e9aire au monde et signataire de ce document, sape extr\u00eamement tous les efforts de non-prolif\u00e9ration. Le pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent cr\u00e9\u00e9 par la Russie pourrait provoquer une instabilit\u00e9 et un chaos difficiles \u00e0 g\u00e9rer, les pays risquant de se sentir moins en s\u00e9curit\u00e9, ce qui serait d\u00e9sastreux pour l\u2019ordre international fond\u00e9 sur des r\u00e8gles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La guerre entre la Russie et l\u2019Ukraine a montr\u00e9 que l\u2019ONU n\u2019est pas en mesure de r\u00e9pondre efficacement aux menaces. Comme indiqu\u00e9 plus haut, l\u2019ONU ne peut fonctionner sous sa forme actuelle et doit \u00eatre r\u00e9form\u00e9e d\u00e8s que possible. Sa faiblesse encouragera davantage les \u00c9tats et leurs comportements agressifs, car elle ne peut apporter les solutions essentielles pour arr\u00eater et pr\u00e9venir les conflits. La configuration actuelle du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ne refl\u00e8te pas la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 moderne ; il est donc impossible d\u2019en attendre de l\u2019efficacit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"455\" height=\"238\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7377\" style=\"width:327px;height:171px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-4.png 455w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-4-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>L\u2019ambassadeur russe aupr\u00e8s de l\u2019ONU, Vasily Nebenzya<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moreover, the veto right in the UNSC allows permanent members of the UNSC to block any decision and thus paralyze the main institution whose purpose is to maintain international peace and security. According to various sources, Russia has used the veto right in the UNSC 121 times as of May 2022. In addition, the resolutions do not only concern Ukraine, but other countries that the UN was focusing on, such as Syria. The veto right seems to be out-of-date and continues to discriminate against non-permanent members of the UN. Using the privilege of veto, a UNSC permanent member can avoid responsibility and use &#8220;political mimicry&#8221;, when an aggressor pretends to be a victim and accuses the other party, the real victim, in an attempt to shift responsibility. Despite the fact, that the General Assembly adopted a resolution that forces permanent members of the UNSC to justify the use of the veto right, it does not really change the situation in general.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Ways of Strengthening the UN&#8217;s Response to the War in Ukraine and Future Conflicts<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>R\u00e9forme du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des Nations unies<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The UN&#8217;s overall weak performance is not a newly emerging problem, and ways to strengthen its capabilities are being discussed widely in the scientific, political, and diplomatic communities. There are several scenarios and proposals for how to reform the UN Security Council:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>1) Augmenter le nombre de membres permanents et non permanents du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 <\/strong><strong>afin de<\/strong><strong> renforcer <\/strong><strong>la<\/strong><strong>repr\u00e9sentation g\u00e9ographique des r\u00e9gions ;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2) Abolir le droit de veto ou limiter ce privil\u00e8ge pour les pays qui mettent en danger la paix et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 internationales ;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3) Modifier le syst\u00e8me de vote \u2014 passer du vote unanime au vote \u00e0 la majorit\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9e (VMQ).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"403\" height=\"306\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7378\" style=\"width:349px;height:265px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-5.png 403w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/image-5-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>L\u2019ambassadeur d\u2019Ukraine aupr\u00e8s de l\u2019ONU <\/em><br><em>Serhiy Kyslytsya reads the book &#8220;What is wrong<\/em><br><em> with diplomacy&#8221; during the speech of <\/em><br><em>l\u2019ambassadeur russe<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 qu\u2019aucune de ces propositions ne peut \u00eatre mise en \u0153uvre sans le soutien de la Russie, il convient de rappeler que l\u2019Ukraine a adopt\u00e9 une position constante concernant la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019ONU. Le repr\u00e9sentant permanent de l\u2019Ukraine aupr\u00e8s des Nations unies, Sergiy Kyslytsya, s\u2019est activement employ\u00e9 \u00e0 promouvoir la vision ukrainienne du processus de r\u00e9forme de l\u2019ONU et au renforcement de son r\u00f4le. Lors de la session de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du 19 avril, M. Kyslytsya a appel\u00e9 l\u2019ONU \u00e0 r\u00e9examiner la pr\u00e9sence de la Russie au Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et son droit de veto, qui emp\u00eachent le Conseil d\u2019atteindre son objectif principal de maintien de la paix et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 internationales. Dans une interview accord\u00e9e au Kyiv Post, M. Kyslytsya a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : \u00ab<strong>Si cette guerre, cette agression n\u2019entra\u00eene pas un changement profond de l\u2019architecture du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de la mani\u00e8re dont celui-ci traite les agressions militaires, cela signifiera en substance la fin du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de sa r\u00e9putation, ce qui serait fort regrettable<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reform of the UNSC is needed, but in order to achieve it, the UN Charter must be amended. It can only be done if 2\/3 of the UNGA votes in favor, including all permanent members of the UNSC. Despite the fact, that many countries support the UNSC reform, it cannot be done without Russia\u2019s approval. Considering that Russia\u2019s removal from the United Nations is not likely because of a lack of political will, it could be a major precedent in the history of the UN. In addition, it could be a lesson for other states who conduct aggressive foreign policy. Nevertheless, an interesting possibility has been raised regarding the expulsion of Russia&#8217;s delegation from UNGA sessions at the very least, following the case of the Republic of South Africa. In light of South Africa&#8217;s apartheid policy in the 1970s, the UNGA refused to accept credentials provided by the delegation of South Africa.<strong> <\/strong>Cette option demeure toutefois tr\u00e8s controvers\u00e9e, car les juristes internationaux en contestent la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9. L\u2019ONU devrait n\u00e9anmoins intensifier le d\u00e9bat sur ces options. D\u00e8s lors que de nombreux \u00c9tats soutiennent l\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019une r\u00e9forme et d\u2019un renforcement de l\u2019ONU, toutes les possibilit\u00e9s devraient \u00eatre examin\u00e9es. Afin de transformer l\u2019ONU conform\u00e9ment aux r\u00e9alit\u00e9s actuelles, les \u00c9tats devraient adopter une position plus proactive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il existe \u00e9galement une proposition ukrainienne qui semble assez cr\u00e9ative et logique quant \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re de limiter la participation de la Russie \u00e0 l\u2019ONU. Le probl\u00e8me de l\u2019ONU et de son Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 est bien plus profond qu\u2019il n\u2019y para\u00eet. Lorsque les Nations unies ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablies pour la premi\u00e8re fois lors de la conf\u00e9rence de San Francisco,<strong> Article 23 provided that &#8220;the Republic of China, France, <u>l\u2019Union des R\u00e9publiques socialistes sovi\u00e9tiques<\/u>, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America shall be permanent members of the Security Council&#8221;<\/strong>. It is argued by Ukrainian diplomats that there are no public records confirming that Russia applied for UN membership after the collapse of the Soviet Union as required by the UN Charter. The UN Secretariat has not yet disclosed any official documents supporting Russia\u2019s position in the UNSC. In the case of Czechoslovakia, which ceased to exist in 1992, the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia have undergone a new accession process. They have received approval from the UNSC and the UNGA. The same can be said about the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Serbia, just like Russia, declared itself to be a successor of the previous political entity, however, its application was rejected by the UNSC. That is why all the newly formed states were supposed to follow the same procedure as the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Thus, Ukraine demands that Russia must pass through this process of being accepted into the UN and UNSC, but until then, Russia&#8217;s membership should be considered illegal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Renforcer l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations unies dans la promotion de la paix et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 internationales <\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As UNSC is not able to be a true safeguard of international peace without being reformed, members of the UN should pay attention to the UNGA. Even though UNGA resolutions are recommendations, they can be crucial in providing a political assessment of Russia&#8217;s actions in Ukraine, holding Russia accountable, and developing a joint position among states within the UN to isolate and pressure Russia. After all, the UNGA is the only universally representative body of the UN, it has a substantial political significance. As it may be difficult to expel Russia in practice, UNGA instruments are crucial in keeping Russia within the scope of international legal responsibility. The backbone of the coalition to exert pressure on Russia via UNGA could be all the members of the &#8220;Rammstein format\u201d, aiming to expand the number of countries supporting Ukraine in the UN, including those who stick to the non-alignment policy with regard to Russia\u2019s war against Ukraine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale a r\u00e9cemment soutenu l\u2019ordre fond\u00e9 sur des r\u00e8gles de deux mani\u00e8res. Tout d\u2019abord, elle a adopt\u00e9 la r\u00e9solution <strong>\u00ab Int\u00e9grit\u00e9 territoriale de l\u2019Ukraine : d\u00e9fendre les principes de la Charte des Nations unies \u00bb<\/strong>, qui a recueilli 143 voix pour, ce qui signifie que le soutien \u00e0 l\u2019Ukraine \u00e0 l\u2019ONU s\u2019accro\u00eet. La r\u00e9solution a condamn\u00e9 les pseudo-r\u00e9f\u00e9rendums russes organis\u00e9s dans les territoires temporairement occup\u00e9s de l\u2019Ukraine. Le deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9sultat important est une r\u00e9solution <strong>\u00ab Promotion de voies de recours et de r\u00e9parations pour l\u2019agression contre l\u2019Ukraine \u00bb<\/strong>. La r\u00e9solution recommande que les membres de l\u2019ONU cr\u00e9ent, en coop\u00e9ration avec l\u2019Ukraine, un registre international des dommages qui servirait de base documentaire aux r\u00e9parations dues par la Russie \u00e0 l\u2019Ukraine et aux victimes de sa guerre d\u2019agression. 94 membres de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale ont soutenu cette r\u00e9solution. M\u00eame si les r\u00e9solutions de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale ne sont pas contraignantes, elles conservent un poids politique. Volodymyr Zelenskyi a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 dans son allocution que <strong>\u00ab Les r\u00e9parations que la Russie devra payer pour ce qu\u2019elle a fait font d\u00e9sormais partie de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 juridique internationale \u00bb<\/strong>. Of course, we need to see the impact of the resolution in the near future, but in practice, it can be a deterrent to future aggressive wars. The UN resolution empowers states and their governments to implement mechanisms that would allow using frozen Russian assets to compensate for the damage caused by the war. As Russia is unlikely to pay reparations in good faith, the resolution could be an invaluable step towards justice and international law&#8217;s reinforcement. Any country which would like to follow Russia\u2019s example could face the same result of its assets being frozen and confiscated. Any potential aggressive intentions could be deterred and hampered by this. As Kyslytsya noted when he talked about the resolution, \u201c<strong>Elle servira l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de toutes les personnes qui sont aujourd\u2019hui menac\u00e9es ou qui pourraient l\u2019\u00eatre demain par le recours \u00e0 la force<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Therefore, it is high time to restore the authority of the United Nations. If not now, then we might expect a series of unpredictable events in the nearest future that will put the world in chaos. Russia\u2019s war of aggression has to be a lesson for the UN and its members. Members of the UN should support Ukraine&#8217;s claims about Russia&#8217;s illegal occupation of the seat of the permanent member of the UNSC. Participating countries must continue strengthening the power of the UNGA and accelerate cooperation within this influential body of the United Nations. The success of the United Nations depends on how much meaning its members give to the Organization. If member states continue to ignore the UN&#8217;s instruments and potential, the Organization will suffer the same fate as the League of Nations. International affairs, in such conditions, will revert to old-style power politics with significant consequences for the stability and predictability of the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Russia\u2019s large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24 has once again shown that, unfortunately, in the current trend of international relations and world politics the law of force prevails over the rule of law. The United Nations, which was created after the failure of the League of Nations to maintain global peace and security, seems [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":7374,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,13],"tags":[],"topic":[84,87,86,92],"class_list":["post-7372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eng-central-eastern-europe","category-en-analyses","topic-russia","topic-security","topic-ukraine","topic-war"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Can the UN Survive Russia\u2019s War on Ukraine? | TDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The analysis assesses whether the United Nations can respond effectively to Russia\u2019s aggression, enforce accountability and 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