{"id":6553,"date":"2022-09-22T10:38:07","date_gmt":"2022-09-22T07:38:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=6553"},"modified":"2025-08-21T14:37:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T11:37:58","slug":"nuclear-power-a-trifle-for-russia-and-a-catastrophe-for-the-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/fr\/2022\/09\/22\/nuclear-power-a-trifle-for-russia-and-a-catastrophe-for-the-world\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire : une bagatelle pour la Russie, une catastrophe pour le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-quick-download-button-download-button aligncenter qdbn-wrapper\"><div class=\"qdbn\" data-plugin-name=\"qdbn\" data-style=\"large\" data-file=\"hide-file\" data-size=\"hide-size\"><div class=\"qdbn-download-button-inner\"><button type=\"button\" data-button-type=\"large\" class=\"g-btn f-l\" style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:25px;border:1px solid #e2e2e2\" data-attachment-id=\"14817\" data-page-id=\"8262\" data-post-id=\"\" data-have-external=\"false\" data-external-url=\"\" data-wait-duration=\"0\" data-target-blank=\"false\" data-msg=\"Please wait...\" data-member=\"0\" data-has-icon-dark=\"true\" title=\"T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF en anglais\"><span class=\"download-btn-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 11.3l-1-1.1-4 4V3h-1.5v11.3L7 10.2l-1 1.1 6.2 5.8 5.8-5.8zm.5 3.7v3.5h-13V15H4v5h16v-5h-1.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF en anglais<\/span><\/button><p class=\"up\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi fi-pdf\"><\/i><\/p><p class=\"down\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi-folder-o\"><\/i><span class=\"file-size\">445 KB<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><quick-download-button-info class=\"qdb-btn-info\"><\/quick-download-button-info><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"391\" height=\"293\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-17.png 391w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-17-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 391px) 100vw, 391px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La plus grande centrale \u00e9lectrique d\u2019Europe est occup\u00e9e.<\/strong> O\u00f9 m\u00e8neront les bombardements permanents de cette puissante installation nucl\u00e9aire par les troupes russes ? La Russie joue avec <strong>des outils tranchants<\/strong> sans comprendre que le potentiel nucl\u00e9aire n\u2019est ni un jouet ni une babiole. Si un obus frappe cet endroit vuln\u00e9rable, les cons\u00e9quences toucheront non seulement l\u2019Ukraine, mais aussi l\u2019UE, les membres de l\u2019OTAN et, en fin de compte, la Russie elle-m\u00eame. Pourtant, Poutine continue de <strong>faire de l\u2019\u00e9nergie une arme<\/strong>, au d\u00e9but, c\u2019\u00e9taient <strong>des manipulations gazi\u00e8res<\/strong> et maintenant c\u2019est <strong>le chantage nucl\u00e9aire<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En s\u2019emparant de centrales nucl\u00e9aires, l\u2019agresseur cherche \u00e0 atteindre plusieurs objectifs \u00e0 la fois.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-the-cover-for-their-troops\"><strong>1. Un bouclier pour ses troupes<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En occupant la centrale, la Russie cr\u00e9e un bouclier fiable pour ses troupes, car peu de gens risqueraient de bombarder \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 d\u2019une centrale nucl\u00e9aire. Dans le m\u00eame temps, les Russes osent fr\u00e9quemment le faire afin de <strong>rejeter la responsabilit\u00e9 sur<\/strong> la partie ukrainienne et de la pr\u00e9senter comme incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e et peu fiable. L\u2019Ukraine n\u2019a aucun int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 bombarder la ZNPP, car elle est <strong>d\u2019une grande importance <\/strong>pour l\u2019ensemble du syst\u00e8me \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique ukrainien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-raw-material-for-a-weapon\"><strong>2. Mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re pour une arme<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"430\" height=\"245\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-18.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-18.png 430w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-18-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Russie a d\u00e9sormais acc\u00e8s au combustible nucl\u00e9aire charg\u00e9 dans les r\u00e9acteurs, qui pourrait devenir une mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re pour fabriquer des armes nucl\u00e9aires. Selon la compagnie nationale ukrainienne de production d\u2019\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire \u00ab Energoatom \u00bb, il y a <strong>plus de 22 000 assemblages de combustible us\u00e9 <\/strong>dans les installations de stockage du combustible nucl\u00e9aire us\u00e9. Une quantit\u00e9 aussi importante de plutonium-239 peut \u00eatre transform\u00e9e en <strong>bombe nucl\u00e9aire,<\/strong> et les cons\u00e9quences humanitaires et \u00e9cologiques d\u2019un tel d\u00e9sastre n\u2019auront <strong>pas de fronti\u00e8res<\/strong> ni pour l\u2019OTAN ni pour les \u00c9tats de l\u2019UE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-blackmail\"><strong>3. Chantage<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie tente de faire chanter l\u2019Europe et le monde en brandissant la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019un accident dans une installation de cette ampleur pr\u00e9sentant un risque radiologique. Dans le pire des sc\u00e9narios, si la centrale nucl\u00e9aire de Zaporijjia explose, <strong>l\u2019Ukraine, l\u2019Europe et la Russie elle-m\u00eame seront touch\u00e9es<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The highest concentrations of radioactive aerosols will be observed in the near zone with a radius of <strong>50-100 km<\/strong> in all directions from the emission source. Significant concentrations of radionuclides may reach <strong>Kyiv<\/strong> et <strong>Donbass<\/strong>. In case of an accident at the ZNPP, the radiation cloud could, except for Ukraine, affect <strong>la Pologne<\/strong>, <strong>Belarus<\/strong>, <strong>the Baltic states<\/strong>, as well as the border regions of <strong>Russie<\/strong> &#8211; Belgorod, Rostov, Kursk, as well as the <strong>Crimea<\/strong> annexed by Russia. That will depend on the wind and luck. In case of an accident, the nearest territory will be <strong>unfit for human life<\/strong>. It will affect the health of the population and no one will be able to live on the territory for a long time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Voulons-nous nous en remettre \u00e0 la cl\u00e9mence du destin ? Ou pr\u00e9f\u00e9rons-nous forger nous-m\u00eames notre destin ? L\u2019absence de prudence russe pourrait co\u00fbter la vie \u00e0 de nombreuses personnes.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"366\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6558\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-19.png 366w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-19-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Le chantage est une situation o\u00f9 tout le monde perd<\/strong>. La manipulation ne r\u00e9ussira que si l\u2019adversaire est si effray\u00e9 qu\u2019il est pr\u00eat \u00e0 accepter n\u2019importe quelles conditions. Sinon, le chantage est <strong>vou\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chec<\/strong> et entra\u00eene davantage de cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9gatives pour son initiateur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En tentant de contraindre l\u2019Ukraine \u00e0 revenir \u00e0 la table des n\u00e9gociations et d\u2019utiliser la ZNPP pour se donner une position d\u2019influence, les dirigeants russes ont commis <strong>une autre erreur<\/strong> dans leur appr\u00e9ciation de la ferme d\u00e9termination des Ukrainiens \u00e0 r\u00e9sister au sc\u00e9nario \u00e9crit par le Kremlin. Il est d\u00e9sormais \u00e9vident qu\u2019en annon\u00e7ant officiellement cette menace, la Russie s\u2019est plac\u00e9e dans une situation o\u00f9 elle devra soit reculer, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant que sa menace n\u2019est qu\u2019une <strong>formule creuse,<\/strong> soit mettre sa menace \u00e0 ex\u00e9cution. Dans ce dernier cas, il en r\u00e9sultera un chaos o\u00f9 tout <strong>avantage pratique est absent <\/strong>pour l\u2019auteur du chantage. Il est peu probable que l\u2019objectif ultime de la guerre soit de transformer l\u2019Ukraine en d\u00e9sert radioactif, car le r\u00e9cit russe sur la protection de la population russophone et des enfants du Donbass deviendrait alors <strong>sans objet.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u2019est pourquoi faire exploser la centrale nucl\u00e9aire, ou menacer de le faire, est totalement <strong>irresponsable<\/strong>, mais tactiquement utile en compl\u00e9ment de la strat\u00e9gie existante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-control-over-the-ukrainian-energy-system\"><strong>4. Contr\u00f4le du syst\u00e8me \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique ukrainien<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">60% of Ukraine&#8217;s electricity is generated by nuclear power plants, and the seizure of the Russian ZNPP weakens the Ukrainian energy system. The Russians may also consider the scenario of <strong>d\u00e9connecter<\/strong> la centrale du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique ukrainien et au <strong>vol<\/strong> de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ukrainienne*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-acts-of-sabotage-panic-and-mass-migration\"><strong>5. Actes de sabotage, panique et migration de masse<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While at the station, Russia carries out various <strong>acts of sabotage<\/strong> as well as creates <strong>panic<\/strong> et <strong>mass migration<\/strong> of the population. During the arrival of the IAEA mission to the Zaporizhzhia NPP, the Russians convinced the representatives of the mission that not Russian combat units, but radiological, chemical, and biological protection troops were at the station. The occupiers also hypocritically blamed the Ukrainian side for the shelling. &#8220;It was a circus,&#8221; comments an employee of ZNPP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-russian-military-object-and-its-consequences\"><strong>Installation militaire russe et ses cons\u00e9quences<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"445\" height=\"263\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-20.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6559\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-20.png 445w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-20-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, la centrale nucl\u00e9aire de Zaporijjia a r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9e en <strong>installation militaire russe<\/strong>, ce qui est <strong>inacceptable<\/strong> pour une entreprise dot\u00e9e d\u2019un potentiel nucl\u00e9aire. L\u2019interaction de substances explosives avec du combustible radioactif m\u00e8ne directement \u00e0 une <strong>catastrophe mondiale<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Counter-Disinformation Center at the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine reports that &#8220;the Russians organized a warehouse of ammunition and military equipment on the territory of the ZNPP, and they continue to shell the station&#8230; On August 5, Russian invaders damaged a high-voltage line, communication cables, and a roof, windows, and walls of the storage. On August 11, a hit was recorded near the welding station and the storage of radiation sources, the nitrogen-oxygen station, and the integrated backup unit were significantly damaged\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the morning of September 1, due to a Russian mortar fire, the Zaporizhzhia NPP&#8217;s emergency protection shut down operating unit No. 5. The operating unit was disconnected and the station was de-energized for the second time in the last 10 days. Although on September 2, Unit No. 5 was reconnected to the power supply, the occupiers <strong>n\u2019ont pas h\u00e9sit\u00e9 \u00e0 reprendre les bombardements<\/strong>. En agissant ainsi, l\u2019arm\u00e9e russe cherche \u00e0 contraindre l\u2019Ukraine \u00e0 se rendre, en \u00e9change de la pr\u00e9servation de l\u2019installation dont d\u00e9pend la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique ukrainienne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;The Russian military and political leadership are not ashamed to present to the world that they are carrying out <strong>nuclear terrorism<\/strong> et <strong>placing military equipment<\/strong> on the territory of a working nuclear plant,&#8221; Ukrainian Ombudsman Dmytro Lubinets said. &#8220;The occupiers are detaining, torturing, and killing workers of the Zaporizhzhia NPP. This is not only a war crime against the civilians but also a violation of the principles of nuclear safety, one of which is the preservation of the safety of the team in charge of the facility.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De plus, l\u2019accident \u00e0 la ZNPP peut \u00eatre caus\u00e9 par <strong>la n\u00e9gligence russe<\/strong>. Les occupants ne savent pas entretenir une telle installation, tandis que le traitement r\u00e9serv\u00e9 au personnel ukrainien peut difficilement <strong>\u00eatre qualifi\u00e9 de tol\u00e9rable<\/strong>. Les actions inconsid\u00e9r\u00e9es de la Russie peuvent conduire \u00e0 <strong>des coupures de courant<\/strong> dans les r\u00e9gions m\u00e9ridionales de l\u2019Ukraine et \u00e0 une <strong>p\u00e9nurie d\u2019\u00e9nergie <\/strong>pour leurs habitants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-international-reaction\"><strong>R\u00e9action internationale<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"390\" height=\"219\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-21.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-21.png 390w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-21-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans le m\u00eame temps, les menaces russes ne font que mobiliser la communaut\u00e9 internationale contre le terrorisme nucl\u00e9aire. Une coalition antirusse d\u2019au moins 42 pays se forme dans le monde. La <strong>mission de surveillance de l\u2019AIEA \u00e0 la centrale nucl\u00e9aire de Zaporijjia<\/strong> a confirm\u00e9 que les bombardements peuvent endommager des \u00e9quipements vitaux et conduire \u00e0 une <strong>lib\u00e9ration illimit\u00e9e de mati\u00e8res radioactives<\/strong>. Il est \u00e9galement indiqu\u00e9 que toutes les parties doivent convenir de cr\u00e9er une zone de protection autour de la centrale nucl\u00e9aire afin d\u2019\u00e9viter tout dommage. Mais est-il possible de s\u2019entendre avec la Russie, qui a bombard\u00e9 le territoire m\u00eame pendant la visite de l\u2019AIEA ? Il est difficile de r\u00e9pondre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Malheureusement, la mission de l\u2019AIEA <strong>n\u2019est pas parvenue<\/strong> \u00e0 mettre en place un m\u00e9canisme efficace et pratique pour r\u00e9soudre la situation. L\u2019AIEA n\u2019a pas non plus r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 respecter son engagement de faire le maximum pour permettre aux m\u00e9dias ind\u00e9pendants d\u2019entrer dans la centrale. Les repr\u00e9sentants des m\u00e9dias ont \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9s \u00e0 un point de contr\u00f4le par les militaires russes et n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 autoris\u00e9s \u00e0 aller plus loin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>En r\u00e9alit\u00e9, le Kremlin a ouvert une nouvelle page dans l\u2019histoire du terrorisme, en mena\u00e7ant ouvertement le monde d\u2019une catastrophe nucl\u00e9aire. Pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans l\u2019histoire, les occupants russes ont transform\u00e9 une installation nucl\u00e9aire civile en cible militaire et en lieu de d\u00e9ploiement de leur arm\u00e9e. La Russie reconna\u00eet qu\u2019il lui est impossible de remporter un succ\u00e8s significatif dans la guerre contre l\u2019Ukraine sans chantage nucl\u00e9aire.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Que se passera-t-il ensuite ? Soit la communaut\u00e9 internationale \u00e9laborera un m\u00e9canisme clair pour \u00e9viter le pire sc\u00e9nario, soit ce sc\u00e9nario deviendra r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Et cette r\u00e9alit\u00e9 peut survenir d\u00e8s la prochaine minute. <strong>La Russie est coupable, mais l\u2019inertie ne doit pas non plus \u00eatre tol\u00e9r\u00e9e. <\/strong>We need to think about whether we want another nuclear disaster in the pages of the history textbook. If not, we need to act. Now. \u201cIt is out of my business&#8221; thoughts are intolerable because <strong>tant de choses sont en jeu : des territoires qui deviendront improductifs, des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales qui ne seront plus export\u00e9es, des populations qui endureront des difficult\u00e9s, et la crise mondiale g\u00e9n\u00e9rale qui ne fera que s\u2019aggraver.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cela d\u00e9pend de nous. Agir. Agir maintenant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>* Au moment de la publication de l\u2019article, \u00e0 cause d\u2019un incendie provoqu\u00e9 par des bombardements, la derni\u00e8re ligne reliant la centrale au syst\u00e8me \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique ukrainien a \u00e9t\u00e9 coup\u00e9e. La sixi\u00e8me unit\u00e9 de production a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9charg\u00e9e et d\u00e9connect\u00e9e du r\u00e9seau.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The largest European power plant is occupied. Where will the permanent shelling of the powerful nuclear facility by the Russian troops lead to? Russia is playing with edge-tools without understanding the fact that nuclear potential is neither a toy nor a trinket. If the shell hits \u201cthat\u201d vulnerable place, it will affect not only Ukraine, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6558,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,64,13,31],"tags":[],"topic":[97,116,84,87,86,92],"class_list":["post-6553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eng-central-eastern-europe","category-central-eastern-europe-ger-analyses","category-en-analyses","category-ger-analyses","topic-energy","topic-hybrid-warfare","topic-russia","topic-security","topic-ukraine","topic-war"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Russia\u2019s Nuclear Threats to Ukraine and Europe | TDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This analysis examines the risks created by 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