{"id":23539,"date":"2024-04-25T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-25T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=23539"},"modified":"2025-08-05T12:26:48","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T09:26:48","slug":"ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/fr\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019adh\u00e9sion de l\u2019Ukraine \u00e0 l\u2019UE : un avenir proche ou un r\u00eave lointain ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-by-bohdana-batsko\"><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-quick-download-button-download-button aligncenter qdbn-wrapper\"><div class=\"qdbn\" data-plugin-name=\"qdbn\" data-style=\"small\" data-file=\"hide-file\" data-size=\"hide-size\"><div class=\"qdbn-download-button-inner\"><button type=\"button\" data-button-type=\"small\" class=\"g-btn f-l\" style=\"background-color:#0e107b;color:#ffffff;border-radius:25px;border:1px solid #e2e2e2\" data-attachment-id=\"42176\" data-page-id=\"18850\" data-post-id=\"\" data-have-external=\"false\" data-external-url=\"\" data-wait-duration=\"0\" data-target-blank=\"true\" data-msg=\"Veuillez patienter\u2026\" data-member=\"0\" data-has-icon-dark=\"false\" title=\"T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF en anglais\"><span class=\"download-btn-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 11.3l-1-1.1-4 4V3h-1.5v11.3L7 10.2l-1 1.1 6.2 5.8 5.8-5.8zm.5 3.7v3.5h-13V15H4v5h16v-5h-1.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF en anglais<\/span><\/button><p class=\"up\" style=\"background:transparent;border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi fi-pdf\"><\/i><\/p><p class=\"down\" style=\"background:transparent;border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi-folder-o\"><\/i><span class=\"file-size\">2 Mo<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><quick-download-button-info class=\"qdb-btn-info\"><\/quick-download-button-info><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-key-takeaways\">Principaux enseignements<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Engagement strat\u00e9gique en faveur de l\u2019int\u00e9gration europ\u00e9enne :<\/strong>&nbsp;Depuis son ind\u00e9pendance, l\u2019Ukraine s\u2019est engag\u00e9e sur la voie d\u2019une int\u00e9gration plus pouss\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne, marqu\u00e9e par de vastes r\u00e9formes juridiques et \u00e9conomiques visant \u00e0 s\u2019aligner sur les normes europ\u00e9ennes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Soutien int\u00e9rieur croissant \u00e0 l\u2019adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l\u2019UE :<\/strong>&nbsp;There has been a consistently strong and growing support from the Ukrainian public for the nation&#8217;s bid to join the EU, reflecting a national consensus on the importance of European integration for Ukraine&#8217;s future.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>R\u00e9silience face \u00e0 l\u2019agression ext\u00e9rieure :<\/strong>&nbsp;Malgr\u00e9 les difficult\u00e9s et l\u2019agression de la Russie, la d\u00e9termination du gouvernement ukrainien et de sa population \u00e0 adh\u00e9rer \u00e0 l\u2019UE n\u2019a fait que se renforcer, t\u00e9moignant d\u2019une remarquable r\u00e9silience nationale.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Solidarit\u00e9 de l\u2019UE avec l\u2019Ukraine :<\/strong>&nbsp;The increasing support from the European Union, in response to Ukraine&#8217;s efforts and challenges, highlights a significant aspect of Ukraine&#8217;s integration journey, with the EU providing substantial solidarity and assistance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Avantages mutuels de l\u2019int\u00e9gration :<\/strong>&nbsp;The mutual advantages of Ukraine&#8217;s potential EU membership are emphasized, including the promotion of security, the spread of European values, and enhanced prosperity for both Ukraine and the European Union.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Synergie entre r\u00e9formes et soutien :<\/strong>&nbsp;The article outlines the crucial role of internal reforms, the unwavering spirit of the Ukrainian populace, and EU support in driving Ukraine&#8217;s accession process, painting a hopeful picture of Ukraine&#8217;s future within the European family.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1240\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23541\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16.png 1240w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16-600x257.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16-1024x439.png 1024w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16-768x329.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-16-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1240px) 100vw, 1240px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Amid Russia&#8217;s ongoing war against Ukraine, the latter is defending its sovereignty and European values. Russia&#8217;s aggressive actions pose a threat to Europe and affect the foreign policy of European states. In this context, Ukraine&#8217;s aspirations to join the European Union have gained a new significance. In the past two years, Ukraine has acquired the status of a candidate country and is about to start accession negotiations with the EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article analyses the main stages of Ukraine&#8217;s European integration, Ukraine&#8217;s achievements and accomplishments on its path toward the EU, as well as the problems and challenges that may slow down this process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-foreign-policy-of-independent-ukraine-challenges-of-european-integration\"><strong>La politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re de l\u2019Ukraine ind\u00e9pendante : les d\u00e9fis de l\u2019int\u00e9gration europ\u00e9enne<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apr\u00e8s avoir acquis son ind\u00e9pendance en 1991, l\u2019Ukraine a gagn\u00e9 une plus grande libert\u00e9 d\u2019action sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale et la capacit\u00e9 de d\u00e9terminer l\u2019orientation de sa politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re. H\u00e9riti\u00e8re des relations \u00e9conomiques \u00e9tablies entre l\u2019Union des r\u00e9publiques socialistes sovi\u00e9tiques et les Communaut\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes, elle s\u2019est fix\u00e9 l\u2019objectif d\u2019approfondir son int\u00e9gration avec l\u2019Europe. Le principal document d\u00e9finissant le m\u00e9canisme juridique de coop\u00e9ration bilat\u00e9rale entre l\u2019Ukraine et l\u2019UE \u00e9tait l\u2019accord de partenariat et de coop\u00e9ration entre les Communaut\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes et leurs \u00c9tats membres, d\u2019une part, et l\u2019Ukraine, d\u2019autre part, sign\u00e9 en 1994 et entr\u00e9 en vigueur en 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the first decade, EU-Ukraine relations focused largely on economic cooperation and support for Ukraine&#8217;s efforts to strengthen democratic processes. It was only in 1998 that a presidential decree defined the strategic direction, which was to create the preconditions for Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the European Union. In turn, in 1999, European states adopted the Common Strategy on Ukraine, which confirmed the recognition of Ukraine&#8217;s European aspirations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Orange Revolution of 2004, on the one hand, provided for Ukraine&#8217;s EU accession prospects. However, Ukraine still had much work to do to convince European leaders and the public to accept it as a future EU member. The challenges for Ukraine in terms of EU policy were that not all EU member states wanted the EU to expand excessively. Moreover, at the beginning of the 21st century, the accession of other states (including Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Hungary, etc.) became both a priority and a challenge for the European agenda. In addition to implementing significant structural, economic, and political changes in the enlargement process, the EU had to take into account the interests of Russia, which perceived the expansion of the EU and NATO borders as a threat to its security. Simultaneously, following the expiration of the Partnership and Co-operation Agreement in 2008, it became necessary to establish a new legal framework and broaden Ukraine&#8217;s EU accession strategy. The most appropriate format for implementing Ukraine&#8217;s foreign policy priority of European integration was the conclusion of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine. Such an agreement would have allowed Ukraine to create an effective framework for achieving the maximum degree of cooperation that would have prepared Ukraine for EU accession. This began a long process of negotiations and preparation of an agreement that was to include a free trade area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The events of November 2013, when the Association Agreement between the EU and Ukraine was finally due to be signed at the Vilnius Summit, marked a turning point in Ukraine&#8217;s history. The pro-Russian President of Ukraine, Viktor Yanukovych, refused to sign the Agreement. This provoked a wave of discontent in Ukrainian society and led to the state-wide protests now called the Revolution of Dignity. The latter resulted in the escape of Yanukovych. Simultaneously, Russia, having provoked and taken advantage of Ukraine&#8217;s internal instability, occupied Crimea and launched a war in eastern Ukraine. Against the background of these events, Ukraine signed the political part of the Association Agreement in March 2014. In June, the newly elected President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, signed the economic part, which also entailed the creation of a free trade zone between Ukraine and the EU. The Agreement entered into force in 2017 after all EU member states ratified it. The issue of Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU was left open as the Agreement did not set a timetable for it.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-did-the-russian-factor-affect-ukraine-s-european-integration\"><strong>How did the Russian Factor Affect Ukraine&#8217;s European Integration?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Russia&#8217;s full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, had an unprecedented impact on EU-Ukraine relations. The Russian Federation&#8217;s aim to dismantle the Ukrainian state and take over the entire territory of Ukraine was met with resistance not only from Ukrainians but also from many other states, which unequivocally condemned the Russian Federation&#8217;s actions since the first day of the war. Rather than hindering Ukraine&#8217;s rapprochement with the EU, as Russia had hoped, it accelerated Ukraine&#8217;s European integration. It altered the attitude of many European states towards Russia&#8217;s role on the European continent. Since 2022, Russia has finally been perceived as a threat to the security of many European states, and Ukraine as a partner committed to European values and a future EU member. At the same time, according to a survey conducted by the Razumkov Center in January 2024, 84% of respondents support Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1048\" height=\"565\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19.png 1048w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19-600x323.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19-1024x552.png 1024w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19-768x414.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-19-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1048px) 100vw, 1048px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, Ukraine&#8217;s foreign policy has intensified, with a wide range of tasks of fundamental importance. In addition to gaining the political, economic, and military support of a larger number of states, the goal of accelerating EU accession has taken on a significant role. A few months after the outbreak of the full-scale war, Ukraine was granted EU candidate status, and at the end of 2023, the European Council decided to start negotiations on Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU. In March 2024, the European Council will propose a so-called &#8216;negotiating framework&#8217; for Ukraine, consisting of a list of negotiating chapters that Ukraine will have to fulfill on its path towards EU membership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"775\" height=\"313\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20.png 775w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20-600x242.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20-768x310.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-20-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 775px) 100vw, 775px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Simultaneously, Russia&#8217;s aggression against Ukraine has also had a negative effect on Ukraine&#8217;s European integration. The heavy human and financial losses are impeding Ukraine&#8217;s progress towards meeting several requirements for EU membership (the Copenhagen criteria and the implementation of basic reforms outlined in the Association Agreement). Furthermore, the ongoing war creates obstacles to Ukraine&#8217;s economic integration into the EU, as the risks associated with active hostilities on the territory of Ukraine may affect potential investors and business actors who would like to cooperate with Ukrainian companies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU depends on many internal and external factors. The internal factors are related to the implementation of the additional recommendations set out in the 2023 enlargement package, the full implementation of EU legislation in Ukrainian legislation in 6 groups\/35 chapters of EU legislation; external factors that contribute to Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU include the readiness and consent of all Member States to vote in favor of it, as well as their agreement to sign and ratify the EU-Ukraine Accession Agreement. We will take a closer look at each of these factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1048\" height=\"590\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25.png 1048w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-25-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1048px) 100vw, 1048px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En juin 2022, avec l\u2019obtention du statut de candidat, l\u2019Ukraine a re\u00e7u de la Commission europ\u00e9enne une liste de sept \u00e9tapes \u00e0 accomplir pour passer \u00e0 la phase suivante de l\u2019int\u00e9gration europ\u00e9enne. Ces \u00e9tapes comprenaient les conditions suivantes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. R\u00e9forme de la Cour constitutionnelle ; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Poursuite de la r\u00e9forme judiciaire ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. Renforcement de la lutte contre la corruption ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4. Lutte contre le blanchiment de capitaux ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5. Mise en \u0153uvre d\u2019une loi anti-oligarques ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6. Adoption d\u2019une loi sur les m\u00e9dias ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">7. Finalisation de la r\u00e9forme du cadre juridique relatif aux minorit\u00e9s nationales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before the European Council decided to open accession negotiations with Ukraine, the European Commission was to present a report on the implementation of the seven steps of the next EU enlargement package and recommend to the European Council the opening of accession negotiations. In the report of 8 November 2023, the European Commission noted that, despite Russia&#8217;s large-scale invasion, Ukraine \u201chas continued to progress on democratic and the rule of law reforms.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9 que l\u2019Ukraine a effectivement men\u00e9 \u00e0 bien des mesures telles que l\u2019adoption et la mise en \u0153uvre d\u2019une l\u00e9gislation sur la proc\u00e9dure de s\u00e9lection des juges de la Cour constitutionnelle d\u2019Ukraine, conform\u00e9ment aux recommandations de la Commission de Venise ; l\u2019ach\u00e8vement du contr\u00f4le d\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des candidats au Haut Conseil de la justice ; l\u2019alignement de la l\u00e9gislation contre le blanchiment de capitaux sur les normes du Groupe d\u2019action financi\u00e8re (GAFI) et l\u2019adoption d\u2019un plan strat\u00e9gique global de r\u00e9forme de l\u2019ensemble du secteur r\u00e9pressif ; la r\u00e9duction de l\u2019influence des int\u00e9r\u00eats particuliers par l\u2019adoption d\u2019une loi sur la protection des minorit\u00e9s nationales, ainsi que l\u2019intensification des efforts de lutte contre la corruption et de limitation de l\u2019influence excessive des oligarques. Dans le m\u00eame temps, l\u2019Ukraine est appel\u00e9e \u00e0 r\u00e9former davantage sa l\u00e9gislation sur les minorit\u00e9s nationales et \u00e0 intensifier ses efforts de lutte contre la corruption et de limitation de l\u2019influence excessive des oligarques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-work-needs-to-be-done-before-ukraine-becomes-a-member\"><strong>Quels travaux doivent \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9s avant que l\u2019Ukraine ne devienne membre ?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Malgr\u00e9 un certain niveau de pr\u00e9paration, l\u2019Ukraine doit encore beaucoup travailler \u00e0 la r\u00e9forme de l\u2019administration publique, les progr\u00e8s ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 limit\u00e9s ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En mati\u00e8re de gouvernance \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux, une fois le volet territorial de la d\u00e9centralisation men\u00e9 \u00e0 bien, les autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la r\u00e9forme doivent encore \u00eatre achev\u00e9s. L\u2019autonomie locale doit \u00eatre progressivement r\u00e9tablie dans les zones lib\u00e9r\u00e9es et de premi\u00e8re ligne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Malgr\u00e9 des d\u00e9fis consid\u00e9rables, les institutions ukrainiennes ont fait preuve d\u2019une remarquable r\u00e9silience, comme le montre le fonctionnement du pouvoir judiciaire. Il reste n\u00e9anmoins n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la l\u00e9gislation sur la s\u00e9lection des juges, d\u2019introduire une proc\u00e9dure plus transparente de s\u00e9lection des hauts procureurs et de poursuivre la num\u00e9risation de la justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u2019agissant des r\u00e9formes anticorruption, l\u2019Ukraine a progress\u00e9 dans la mise en \u0153uvre d\u2019am\u00e9liorations l\u00e9gislatives, strat\u00e9giques et institutionnelles, notamment par l\u2019adoption d\u2019une strat\u00e9gie nationale anticorruption. Pour assurer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 et la p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 de ces efforts, elle doit continuer \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un bilan solide d\u2019enqu\u00eates, de poursuites et de condamnations d\u00e9finitives dans les affaires de corruption \u00e0 haut niveau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukraine&#8217;s institutional capacity to fight organized crime has proved resilient and has continued to function, but the legal framework and operational capacity to fight organized crime remain weak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En mati\u00e8re de droits fondamentaux, l\u2019Ukraine a ratifi\u00e9 la plupart des conventions internationales de protection des droits fondamentaux et respecte g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les instruments internationaux relatifs aux droits humains. Au d\u00e9but de l\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle, l\u2019Ukraine a instaur\u00e9 la loi martiale, qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 certaines restrictions des droits et libert\u00e9s ; celles-ci sont toutefois rest\u00e9es proportionn\u00e9es aux besoins r\u00e9els et appliqu\u00e9es avec prudence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans le domaine de la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression, les citoyens ukrainiens jouissent de cette libert\u00e9 et ont acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des m\u00e9dias critiques. Il conviendrait toutefois d\u2019envisager de nouvelles voies pour assurer, apr\u00e8s la guerre, une structure m\u00e9diatique pluraliste et ind\u00e9pendante, afin de r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me actuel de l\u2019acc\u00e8s r\u00e9duit de la population aux m\u00e9dias pluralistes en Ukraine pendant la guerre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En ce qui concerne la situation \u00e9conomique int\u00e9rieure, la politique mon\u00e9taire, la gestion g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l\u2019\u00e9conomie et l\u2019environnement institutionnel font face \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis importants depuis l\u2019invasion \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. Malgr\u00e9 ceux-ci, l\u2019Ukraine a r\u00e9agi rapidement, compte tenu de sa stabilit\u00e9 globale, m\u00eame si les circonstances ont entra\u00een\u00e9 des entraves temporaires \u00e0 plusieurs \u00e9l\u00e9ments importants d\u2019une \u00e9conomie de march\u00e9 fonctionnelle. Des progr\u00e8s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 accomplis dans plusieurs domaines, tels que les services financiers, la libre circulation des marchandises, les modalit\u00e9s de fourniture des services et le droit des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s. En revanche, les progr\u00e8s sont rest\u00e9s limit\u00e9s en mati\u00e8re de politique de concurrence et de protection des consommateurs et de la sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Particular attention should be given to issues related to competitive pressures and market forces within the EU. Although trade integration with the EU has recently developed, the implementation of a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) remains rather low. Despite the strengthening of good bilateral relations with neighboring EU member states during the Russian-Ukrainian war, relations between Ukraine and Poland have deteriorated in recent months following protests by Polish farmers against the export of Ukrainian agricultural products to Poland and other EU countries without tariffs. This critical point in the relationship poses many challenges for both economies and for Ukraine&#8217;s European integration, which needs to maintain good relations with all EU member states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ind\u00e9pendamment du programme vert, l\u2019Ukraine a bien progress\u00e9 dans les secteurs de l\u2019environnement et de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, tandis que les avanc\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de changement climatique et de politique des transports ont \u00e9t\u00e9 limit\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019Ukraine doit poursuivre ses efforts pour am\u00e9liorer la politique r\u00e9gionale, coordonner les instruments structurels ainsi que les dispositions financi\u00e8res et budg\u00e9taires. Des progr\u00e8s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 accomplis dans les domaines des ressources, de l\u2019agriculture et de la coh\u00e9sion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-prepared-are-the-member-states-for-eu-enlargement\"><strong>Dans quelle mesure les \u00c9tats membres sont-ils pr\u00e9par\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9largissement de l\u2019UE ?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The question of member states&#8217; readiness to vote in favor of Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU, to agree, sign, and ratify the EU-Ukraine Accession Agreement, is of fundamental importance, as the accession of new members to the EU requires political consensus. Moreover, EU member states must be ready not only to give a genuine green light to Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the bloc but also to work together on the EU enlargement strategy and improve the EU&#8217;s institutional capacity to increase the number of member states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Selon une enqu\u00eate men\u00e9e en novembre 2023 par le Conseil europ\u00e9en des relations \u00e9trang\u00e8res (ECFR) aupr\u00e8s de d\u00e9cideurs et de penseurs politiques de tous les \u00c9tats membres de l\u2019UE, le soutien \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9largissement de l\u2019UE augmente au sein du bloc. Tout au long de l\u2019histoire des Communaut\u00e9s europ\u00e9ennes puis de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne, le d\u00e9bat sur l\u2019\u00e9largissement a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 vif et controvers\u00e9. Les pr\u00e9occupations li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019adh\u00e9sion de nouveaux membres \u00e9taient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement motiv\u00e9es par les cons\u00e9quences \u00e9conomiques, les risques de transformation impr\u00e9visibles, les \u00e9ventuels changements dans l\u2019\u00e9quilibre des pouvoirs sur le continent europ\u00e9en, les int\u00e9r\u00eats nationaux et l\u2019opinion publique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1032\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23553\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26.png 1032w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26-600x337.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-26-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1032px) 100vw, 1032px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In current geopolitical circumstances, many EU leaders consider that EU enlargement, including Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU, can be a coherent way to respond to challenges. EU enlargement could help assert its subjectivity and influence in countering external threats, including those from Russia. Simultaneously, central and eastern EU member states believe that ensuring Ukraine&#8217;s security should be a precondition for EU enlargement. For them, Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU without NATO guarantees will not provide new members with a satisfactory level of security and stability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"991\" height=\"558\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23554\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27.png 991w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-27-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 991px) 100vw, 991px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The only EU member state that does not support Ukraine&#8217;s EU membership is Hungary. Hungary&#8217;s current prime minister, Viktor Orb\u00e1n, is the closest European ally of the Russian president, which highlights Hungary&#8217;s cautious policy towards Russia. Orb\u00e1n opposes EU sanctions on Russian oil and gas and refuses to allow EU or NATO military aid into Ukraine. Additionally, bilateral relations between Hungary and Ukraine have been strained over minority issues. In this regard, Ukraine had to make concessions to Hungary and adopt amendments to a number of laws in line with European Commission recommendations. In this way, Ukraine has ironed out some contradictions in Ukrainian-Hungarian relations and demonstrated its determination to move towards the EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As the Ukrainian issue remains a lever for Viktor Orb\u00e1n&#8217;s influence in the EU, other EU member states must maintain solidarity and find ways to circumvent Hungary&#8217;s veto. Some success in this regard was demonstrated during the vote to open negotiations on Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU when European leaders persuaded Orb\u00e1n to leave the room and voted unanimously. In fact, they used the tool of &#8216;constructive abstention,&#8217; which allowed them to reach a consensus and approval of the decision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To a large extent, the possibility of Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the European Union depends on the efforts of both sides to move towards EU enlargement and on Ukraine&#8217;s readiness to do its homework. On the one hand, the Russian-Ukrainian war complicates work in certain areas of European integration, but on the other hand, it considerably accelerates many processes that were previously proceeding relatively slowly. This applies to the position of the member states on Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukraine&#8217;s heroic resistance to Russian aggression, as well as its willingness and persistence to move towards European integration, are impressive. If these positive trends continue, Ukraine&#8217;s accession to the EU could happen in the near future and promises to strengthen the security of European states, including Ukraine, establish the spread of European values across the continent, and ensure Europe&#8217;s prosperity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><em>Avertissement : les points de vue, r\u00e9flexions et opinions exprim\u00e9s dans les publications mises en ligne sur ce site n\u2019engagent que leurs auteurs et ne refl\u00e8tent pas n\u00e9cessairement ceux du Transatlantic Dialogue Center, de ses comit\u00e9s ou de ses organisations affili\u00e9es. Ces publications visent \u00e0 stimuler le dialogue et la discussion et ne repr\u00e9sentent pas les positions officielles du Transatlantic Dialogue Center ni de toute autre organisation \u00e0 laquelle les auteurs peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9s.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Key takeaways Amid Russia&#8217;s ongoing war against Ukraine, the latter is defending its sovereignty and European values. Russia&#8217;s aggressive actions pose a threat to Europe and affect the foreign policy of European states. In this context, Ukraine&#8217;s aspirations to join the European Union have gained a new significance. In the past two years, Ukraine has [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":23555,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,13,58],"tags":[],"topic":[91,86],"class_list":["post-23539","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eng-central-eastern-europe","category-en-analyses","category-eng-western-europe","topic-eu","topic-ukraine"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ukraine\u2019s EU Accession: Near Future or Distant Goal? | TDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ukraine\u2019s path to EU integration reflects strong public support, legal reforms, and growing EU solidarity, even amid Russian aggression.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/fr\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ukraine&#039;s Accession to the EU: a Near Future or a Distant Dream?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ukraine\u2019s path to EU integration reflects strong public support, legal reforms, and growing EU solidarity, even amid Russian aggression.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/fr\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Transatlantic Dialogue Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Transatlantic-Dialogue-Center-105645698740463\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-04-25T07:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-05T09:26:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-28.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1240\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"531\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Alina Horbenko\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Ukraine\u2019s EU Accession: Near Future or Distant Goal?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Ukraine\u2019s path to EU integration reflects strong public support, legal reforms, and growing EU solidarity, even amid Russian aggression.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Alina Horbenko\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Alina Horbenko\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/person\/80009f5c977ad6af93392a183d2126e9\"},\"headline\":\"Ukraine&#8217;s Accession to the EU: a Near Future or a Distant Dream?\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-04-25T07:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-05T09:26:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/\"},\"wordCount\":2973,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-28.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Central &amp; Eastern Europe\",\"English Analyses\",\"Western Europe\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2024\/04\/25\/ukraines-accession-to-the-eu-a-near-future-or-a-distant-dream\/\",\"name\":\"Ukraine\u2019s EU Accession: Near Future or Distant Goal? 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