{"id":11772,"date":"2023-05-25T11:55:37","date_gmt":"2023-05-25T08:55:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=11772"},"modified":"2026-07-04T12:00:42","modified_gmt":"2026-07-04T09:00:42","slug":"culiacanazo-2-0-mexico-attacks-the-sinaloa-cartel-and-says-goodbye-to-the-hugs-not-bullets-strategy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/fr\/2023\/05\/25\/culiacanazo-2-0-mexico-attacks-the-sinaloa-cartel-and-says-goodbye-to-the-hugs-not-bullets-strategy\/","title":{"rendered":"Culiacanazo 2.0 : le Mexique attaque le cartel de Sinaloa et abandonne la strat\u00e9gie des \u00ab c\u00e2lins, pas des balles \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le cartel de Sinaloa est l\u2019une des organisations de trafic de drogue les plus influentes du Mexique, disposant d\u2019une capacit\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle mondiale. Il se consacre actuellement \u00e0 la vente locale et \u00e0 l\u2019exportation de drogues telles que le fentanyl, la marijuana, la coca\u00efne, la m\u00e9thamph\u00e9tamine et l\u2019h\u00e9ro\u00efne. Son rayonnement international se concentre principalement aux \u00c9tats-Unis et il s\u2019\u00e9tend fortement sur le march\u00e9 Asie-Pacifique. En 2022, les autorit\u00e9s allemandes ont ferm\u00e9 le site russe du dark web Hydra Market, qui facilitait le trafic de drogue et le blanchiment d\u2019argent par les cryptomonnaies. Plusieurs comptes attribu\u00e9s au groupe mexicain y ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On January 5, Ovidio Guzm\u00e1n L\u00f3pez, the alleged leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, was captured in Culiac\u00e1n, Sinaloa, and transferred in a Mexican Air Force plane to Mexico City as a result of an operation carried out on the outskirts of the city. This act resulted in a wave of violence that spread throughout the state days before the arrival of US leaders Joe Biden and Justin Trudeau for the meeting of “the three friends.”<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Cover
Avec l\u2019aimable autorisation du Secr\u00e9tariat mexicain de la D\u00e9fense nationale (SEDENA) : arrestation en 2019 d\u2019Ovidio Guzman-L\u00f3pez, fils d\u2019El Chapo.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

According to Mexico’s Secretary of National Defense, during and after the raid, 10 soldiers and 19 suspects were killed. Suspected criminals blocked roads, set fire to dozens of vehicles, and attacked planes at Culiacan International Airport. Thirty-five other military personnel were wounded, and 21 gunmen were arrested.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guzm\u00e1n L\u00f3pez, also known as “El Rat\u00f3n,” is accused of leading a faction of his father’s notorious Sinaloa Cartel, one of the world’s largest drug trafficking organizations. His father, Joaquin “El Chapo” Guzman, is serving life in prison in the US after being convicted in 2019 on drug trafficking and money laundering charges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une op\u00e9ration tr\u00e8s similaire s\u2019\u00e9tait d\u00e9roul\u00e9e le 17 octobre 2019, lors de la premi\u00e8re arrestation d\u2019Ovidio. \u00c0 cette occasion, la strat\u00e9gie avait \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un \u00e9chec : les autorit\u00e9s mexicaines avaient d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de lib\u00e9rer Guzm\u00e1n L\u00f3pez afin de mettre un terme aux violences perp\u00e9tr\u00e9es par des membres pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s du cartel de Sinaloa. Cette d\u00e9cision a provoqu\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement qui allait devenir connu sous le nom de Jeudi noir, ou Culiacanazo. Le bilan de cette journ\u00e9e comprenait 42 v\u00e9hicules violemment saisis, neuf v\u00e9hicules incendi\u00e9s, de nombreux barrages routiers, 14 agressions contre l\u2019arm\u00e9e et la Garde nationale, l\u2019\u00e9vasion de 51 prisonniers du p\u00e9nitencier d\u2019Aguaruto, ainsi que la prise de la caserne militaire de la neuvi\u00e8me zone et de multiples cibles polici\u00e8res et civiles.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"Cover<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

This time, Ovidio was not released, and the operation to recapture him was considered successful. The army was able to extract Guzm\u00e1n L\u00f3pez and send him by plane to the Mexico City Prosecutor’s Office. The second Culiacanazo occurred in January 2023, coincidentally on another Thursday.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Hugs, not bullets”. Mexico’s security strategy.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

As part of his presidential campaign and as a result of a joke during a debate between candidates, President Andr\u00e9s Manuel L\u00f3pez Obrador promised systemic change, ending the war on drugs with a strategy he called “abrazos, no balazos” (hugs, not bullets). The plan involved implementing a new 60,000-strong National Guard to replace a corrupt federal police force, as well as investing in communities to combat the poverty that drives crime. The emphasis of this policy is that it would be non-violent, unlike the drug war implemented by former President Felipe Calderon, which consisted of a direct attack on drug trafficking groups.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Cover
Cr\u00e9dit : EneasMx
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

However, L\u00f3pez Obrador’s strategy has not produced good results. Rather, his presidential term has been the most violent in the country’s history. Additionally, L\u00f3pez Obrador has not only focused on Mexico to promote his strategy. On multiple occasions, he has suggested ending the war between Russia and Ukraine by implementing his strategy. He has proposed the creation of a United Nations peace committee that would lead to a 5-year truce in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bien que le pr\u00e9sident mexicain recherche devant les m\u00e9dias une r\u00e9solution pacifique des conflits, il la met rarement en pratique. L\u00f3pez Obrador a appel\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9orienter la politique bilat\u00e9rale d\u2019endiguement des drogues, afin que les \u00c9tats-Unis reconnaissent leur r\u00f4le de principal consommateur de drogues et fournisseur d\u2019armes. Dans la pratique, toutefois, les strat\u00e9gies de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 continuent de privil\u00e9gier la capture des principaux chefs des cartels. Cette approche ne r\u00e9sout pas le probl\u00e8me du trafic de drogue, mais entra\u00eene simplement un changement dans l\u2019organigramme des groupes criminels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The “Three Friends” Summit<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

On January 10, 2023, the North American Leaders’ Summit (also known as the “three amigos” summit) took place, just days after the capture of Guzm\u00e1n L\u00f3pez. The summit brought together U.S. President Joe Biden, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, and Mexican President Andr\u00e9s Manuel L\u00f3pez Obrador, with the objective of promoting a common vision for the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to information provided on the summit’s results, the leaders made joint decisions regarding exchanging information, renewing commitments, and good intentions on economic issues. They also discussed the fight against pollutants, coordination in the fight against drug trafficking, migration, health, and supply chains, as well as nearshoring, which refers to the close relocation of certain companies to ensure that there is no disruption of trade.<\/p>\n\n\n

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LopezObrador.org.mx<\/em>
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Il convient de noter que les principaux sujets abord\u00e9s \u00e9taient la lutte contre le trafic de drogue et les migrations, qui ont marqu\u00e9 l\u2019agenda trinational. L\u2019accent a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis sur des actions coordonn\u00e9es entre le Mexique et les \u00c9tats-Unis, et le pr\u00e9sident Biden a exprim\u00e9 son inqui\u00e9tude face \u00e0 l\u2019entr\u00e9e incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e de fentanyl produit au Mexique sur le march\u00e9 am\u00e9ricain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although there was no public mention of the Culiacanazo, it was not lost on the media and the public that Chapo’s son was captured on the eve of Joe Biden’s visit, given Guzman Lopez’s extradition order to the United States. Ovidio’s capture was perceived as a demonstration of the Mexican government’s willingness to try to resolve the difficulties it has had with its northern neighbor and to establish new priorities for its bilateral relationship, which now focuses on energy, environment, and security.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, the drug trafficker’s defense has managed to suspend the extradition process three times in one month, and it remains to be seen if this second operation will turn out to be another failure like the first one in 2019. In early April, the judge granted Ovidio Guzman temporary legal protection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le chef de la Drug Enforcement Administration a comparu devant la Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants des \u00c9tats-Unis pour rendre compte de l\u2019\u00e9mission d\u2019une demande formelle d\u2019extradition de 16 membres du cartel de Sinaloa et d\u2019Ovidio Guzman. Apr\u00e8s les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de Culiac\u00e1n et de l\u2019\u00c9tat de Sinaloa, les forces de l\u2019ordre patrouillent encore dans les rues et les barrages routiers sont toujours en place, rappelant des op\u00e9rations militaires.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Sinaloa Cartel is one of the most impactful drug trafficking organizations in Mexico, with a worldwide operational capacity. It is currently engaged in the local sale and export of drugs such as fentanyl, marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine, and heroin. Its international reach is primarily in the United States, and it is expanding strongly into the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":11767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,62,57,61,56],"tags":[],"topic":[87,95],"class_list":["post-11772","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-en-analyses","category-latin-america-caribbean-ger-analyses","category-eng-latin-america-caribbean","category-north-america-ger-analyses","category-eng-north-america","topic-security","topic-usa"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"\nMexico\u2019s Culiacanazo 2.0 and the Sinaloa Cartel | TDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The capture of Ovidio Guzm\u00e1n L\u00f3pez triggered renewed violence in Culiac\u00e1n, exposing the Sinaloa Cartel\u2019s reach and Mexico\u2019s shift toward forceful enforcement.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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