{"id":6553,"date":"2022-09-22T10:38:07","date_gmt":"2022-09-22T07:38:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=6553"},"modified":"2025-08-21T14:37:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T11:37:58","slug":"nuclear-power-a-trifle-for-russia-and-a-catastrophe-for-the-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/es\/2022\/09\/22\/nuclear-power-a-trifle-for-russia-and-a-catastrophe-for-the-world\/","title":{"rendered":"Energ\u00eda nuclear: una nimiedad para Rusia y una cat\u00e1strofe para el mundo"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-quick-download-button-download-button aligncenter qdbn-wrapper\"><div class=\"qdbn\" data-plugin-name=\"qdbn\" data-style=\"large\" data-file=\"hide-file\" data-size=\"hide-size\"><div class=\"qdbn-download-button-inner\"><button type=\"button\" data-button-type=\"large\" class=\"g-btn f-l\" style=\"background-color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:25px;border:1px solid #e2e2e2\" data-attachment-id=\"14817\" data-page-id=\"8262\" data-post-id=\"\" data-have-external=\"false\" data-external-url=\"\" data-wait-duration=\"0\" data-target-blank=\"false\" data-msg=\"Please wait...\" data-member=\"0\" data-has-icon-dark=\"true\" title=\"Descargar el PDF en ingl\u00e9s\"><span class=\"download-btn-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 11.3l-1-1.1-4 4V3h-1.5v11.3L7 10.2l-1 1.1 6.2 5.8 5.8-5.8zm.5 3.7v3.5h-13V15H4v5h16v-5h-1.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span>Descargar el PDF en ingl\u00e9s<\/span><\/button><p class=\"up\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi fi-pdf\"><\/i><\/p><p class=\"down\" style=\"border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi-folder-o\"><\/i><span class=\"file-size\">445 KB<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><quick-download-button-info class=\"qdb-btn-info\"><\/quick-download-button-info><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"391\" height=\"293\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-17.png 391w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-17-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 391px) 100vw, 391px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La mayor central el\u00e9ctrica de Europa est\u00e1 ocupada.<\/strong> \u00bfAd\u00f3nde conducir\u00e1n los bombardeos permanentes de las tropas rusas contra esta poderosa instalaci\u00f3n nuclear? Rusia est\u00e1 jugando con <strong>herramientas peligrosas<\/strong> sin comprender que el potencial nuclear no es ni un juguete ni una bagatela. Si el proyectil alcanza \u00abese\u00bb lugar vulnerable, afectar\u00e1 no solo a Ucrania, sino tambi\u00e9n a la UE, a los miembros de la OTAN y, en \u00faltima instancia, a la propia Rusia. Sin embargo, Putin contin\u00faa <strong>utilizando la energ\u00eda como arma<\/strong>; inicialmente fueron las <strong>maniobras con el gas<\/strong> y ahora es el <strong>chantaje nuclear<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al apoderarse de centrales nucleares, el agresor persigue varios objetivos a la vez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-the-cover-for-their-troops\"><strong>1. Cobertura para sus tropas<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al permanecer en la central, Rusia crea una cobertura fiable para sus tropas, pues pocos se arriesgar\u00edan a bombardear cerca de una central nuclear. Al mismo tiempo, los rusos se atreven con frecuencia a hacerlo para <strong>culpar a<\/strong> la parte ucraniana y presentarla como descontrolada y poco fiable. Ucrania no tiene ning\u00fan inter\u00e9s en bombardear la ZNPP, ya que es <strong>de gran importancia <\/strong>para todo el sistema energ\u00e9tico ucraniano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-raw-material-for-a-weapon\"><strong>2. Materia prima para un arma<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"430\" height=\"245\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-18.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6557\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-18.png 430w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-18-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rusia tiene ahora acceso al combustible nuclear cargado en los reactores, que puede convertirse potencialmente en materia prima para fabricar armas nucleares. Seg\u00fan la Empresa Nacional Ucraniana de Generaci\u00f3n de Energ\u00eda Nuclear \u00abEnergoatom\u00bb, hay <strong>m\u00e1s de 22.000 conjuntos de combustible nuclear gastado <\/strong>en los almacenes de combustible nuclear gastado. Una cantidad tan significativa de plutonio-239 puede convertirse en una <strong>bomba nuclear,<\/strong> y las consecuencias humanitarias y ecol\u00f3gicas de semejante desastre no conocer\u00e1n <strong>fronteras<\/strong> ni para la OTAN ni para los Estados de la UE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-blackmail\"><strong>3. Chantaje<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Federaci\u00f3n de Rusia intenta chantajear a Europa y al mundo con la posibilidad de un accidente en una instalaci\u00f3n de tan gran escala y con riesgo radiol\u00f3gico. En el peor escenario, si se hace estallar la central nuclear de Zaporiyia, <strong>Ucrania, Europa y la propia Rusia se ver\u00e1n afectadas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las mayores concentraciones de aerosoles radiactivos se observar\u00e1n en la zona pr\u00f3xima, con un radio de <strong>50-100 km<\/strong> en todas las direcciones desde la fuente de emisi\u00f3n. Concentraciones significativas de radion\u00faclidos podr\u00edan alcanzar <strong>Kyiv<\/strong> y <strong>Donb\u00e1s<\/strong>. En caso de accidente en la ZNPP, la nube radiactiva podr\u00eda afectar, adem\u00e1s de a Ucrania, a <strong>Polonia<\/strong>, <strong>Bielorrusia<\/strong>, <strong>los Estados b\u00e1lticos<\/strong>, as\u00ed como las regiones fronterizas de <strong>Rusia<\/strong> &#8211; Belgorod, Rostov, Kursk, as well as the <strong>Crimea<\/strong> anexionada por Rusia. Eso depender\u00e1 del viento y de la suerte. En caso de accidente, el territorio m\u00e1s cercano quedar\u00e1 <strong>no apto para la vida humana<\/strong>. Afectar\u00e1 a la salud de la poblaci\u00f3n y nadie podr\u00e1 vivir en ese territorio durante mucho tiempo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfQueremos depender de la clemencia del destino? \u00bfO preferimos esforzarnos por forjar nuestro propio destino? La falta de prudencia de Rusia puede costar la vida a muchos.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"366\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-19.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6558\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-19.png 366w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-19-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>El chantaje es una situaci\u00f3n en la que todos pierden<\/strong>. La manipulaci\u00f3n solo tendr\u00e1 \u00e9xito si el oponente est\u00e1 tan asustado que est\u00e1 dispuesto a aceptar cualquier condici\u00f3n. De lo contrario, el chantaje est\u00e1 <strong>condenado al fracaso<\/strong> y acarrea m\u00e1s consecuencias negativas para quien lo inicia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al intentar obligar a Ucrania a volver a la mesa de negociaciones y utilizar la ZNPP para crear una posici\u00f3n de influencia, el liderazgo ruso cometi\u00f3 <strong>otro error<\/strong> al evaluar la firme determinaci\u00f3n de los ucranianos de resistir el guion escrito por el Kremlin. Ahora es evidente que, al anunciar oficialmente la amenaza, Rusia se coloc\u00f3 en una situaci\u00f3n en la que tendr\u00e1 que retroceder, mostrando que su amenaza es una <strong>frase vac\u00eda,<\/strong> o llevar a cabo la amenaza. En este \u00faltimo caso, el resultado ser\u00e1 un caos en el que el <strong>beneficio pr\u00e1ctico est\u00e1 ausente <\/strong>para el autor del chantaje. Es poco probable que el objetivo final de la guerra sea transformar Ucrania en un desierto radiactivo, porque entonces la narrativa rusa sobre la protecci\u00f3n de la poblaci\u00f3n rusohablante y de los ni\u00f1os del Donb\u00e1s ser\u00eda <strong>irrelevante.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Por eso, volar o amenazar con volar la central nuclear es completamente <strong>temerario<\/strong>, aunque t\u00e1cticamente \u00fatil como complemento de la estrategia existente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-control-over-the-ukrainian-energy-system\"><strong>4. Control del sistema energ\u00e9tico ucraniano<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">60% of Ukraine&#8217;s electricity is generated by nuclear power plants, and the seizure of the Russian ZNPP weakens the Ukrainian energy system. The Russians may also consider the scenario of <strong>desconectar<\/strong> la central del sistema el\u00e9ctrico ucraniano y el <strong>robo<\/strong> de electricidad ucraniana*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-acts-of-sabotage-panic-and-mass-migration\"><strong>5. Actos de sabotaje, p\u00e1nico y migraci\u00f3n masiva<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mientras permanece en la central, Rusia lleva a cabo diversos <strong>actos de sabotaje<\/strong> y adem\u00e1s genera <strong>p\u00e1nico<\/strong> y <strong>migraci\u00f3n masiva<\/strong> of the population. During the arrival of the IAEA mission to the Zaporizhzhia NPP, the Russians convinced the representatives of the mission that not Russian combat units, but radiological, chemical, and biological protection troops were at the station. The occupiers also hypocritically blamed the Ukrainian side for the shelling. &#8220;It was a circus,&#8221; comments an employee of ZNPP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-russian-military-object-and-its-consequences\"><strong>Instalaci\u00f3n militar rusa y sus consecuencias<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"445\" height=\"263\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-20.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6559\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-20.png 445w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-20-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De hecho, la central nuclear de Zaporiyia se ha convertido recientemente en una <strong>instalaci\u00f3n militar rusa<\/strong>, lo cual es <strong>inaceptable<\/strong> para una empresa con potencial nuclear. La interacci\u00f3n de sustancias explosivas con combustible radiactivo es una v\u00eda directa hacia una <strong>cat\u00e1strofe mundial<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Counter-Disinformation Center at the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine reports that &#8220;the Russians organized a warehouse of ammunition and military equipment on the territory of the ZNPP, and they continue to shell the station&#8230; On August 5, Russian invaders damaged a high-voltage line, communication cables, and a roof, windows, and walls of the storage. On August 11, a hit was recorded near the welding station and the storage of radiation sources, the nitrogen-oxygen station, and the integrated backup unit were significantly damaged\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the morning of September 1, due to a Russian mortar fire, the Zaporizhzhia NPP&#8217;s emergency protection shut down operating unit No. 5. The operating unit was disconnected and the station was de-energized for the second time in the last 10 days. Although on September 2, Unit No. 5 was reconnected to the power supply, the occupiers <strong>no dudaron en volver a iniciar los bombardeos<\/strong>. Al actuar de este modo, el ej\u00e9rcito ruso busca obligar a Ucrania a rendirse a cambio de preservar la instalaci\u00f3n de la que depende la seguridad energ\u00e9tica ucraniana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;The Russian military and political leadership are not ashamed to present to the world that they are carrying out <strong>terrorismo nuclear<\/strong> y <strong>desplegando equipo militar<\/strong> on the territory of a working nuclear plant,&#8221; Ukrainian Ombudsman Dmytro Lubinets said. &#8220;The occupiers are detaining, torturing, and killing workers of the Zaporizhzhia NPP. This is not only a war crime against the civilians but also a violation of the principles of nuclear safety, one of which is the preservation of the safety of the team in charge of the facility.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adem\u00e1s, el accidente en la ZNPP puede ser causado por <strong>la negligencia rusa<\/strong>. Los ocupantes no saben c\u00f3mo mantener una empresa de este tipo, mientras que el trato al personal ucraniano <strong>dif\u00edcilmente puede calificarse de tolerable<\/strong>. Las acciones fr\u00edvolas de Rusia pueden provocar <strong>apagones<\/strong> en las regiones meridionales de Ucrania y la <strong>escasez de energ\u00eda <\/strong>para sus residentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-international-reaction\"><strong>Reacci\u00f3n internacional<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"390\" height=\"219\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-21.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-21.png 390w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/image-21-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al mismo tiempo, las amenazas rusas solo conducen a una movilizaci\u00f3n internacional de esfuerzos contra el terrorismo nuclear. Se est\u00e1 formando en todo el mundo una coalici\u00f3n antirrusa de al menos 42 pa\u00edses. La <strong>misi\u00f3n de supervisi\u00f3n del OIEA en la central nuclear de Zaporiyia<\/strong> confirm\u00f3 que los bombardeos pueden da\u00f1ar equipos vitales y conducir a una <strong>liberaci\u00f3n ilimitada de materiales radiactivos<\/strong>. Tambi\u00e9n se afirma que todas las partes deben acordar la creaci\u00f3n de una zona de protecci\u00f3n alrededor de la central nuclear para evitar da\u00f1os. Sin embargo, \u00bfes posible llegar a un acuerdo con Rusia, que bombarde\u00f3 el territorio incluso durante la visita del OIEA? Es dif\u00edcil responder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lamentablemente, la misi\u00f3n del OIEA <strong>no ha logrado<\/strong> introducir ning\u00fan mecanismo eficaz y pr\u00e1ctico para resolver la situaci\u00f3n. El OIEA tampoco logr\u00f3 cumplir el acuerdo de hacer todo lo posible para que los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n independientes entraran en la central. Los representantes de los medios fueron detenidos en un puesto de control por los militares rusos y no se les permiti\u00f3 avanzar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>De hecho, el Kremlin abri\u00f3 una nueva p\u00e1gina en la historia del terrorismo, amenazando abiertamente al mundo con una cat\u00e1strofe nuclear. Al fin y al cabo, por primera vez en la historia, los ocupantes rusos convirtieron una instalaci\u00f3n nuclear civil en un objetivo militar y en un lugar para desplegar su ej\u00e9rcito. Rusia reconoce la imposibilidad de lograr alg\u00fan \u00e9xito significativo en la guerra contra Ucrania sin chantaje nuclear.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 ocurrir\u00e1 despu\u00e9s? O la comunidad internacional desarrolla un mecanismo claro para evitar el peor escenario, o este escenario se har\u00e1 realidad. Y esta realidad puede llegar al minuto siguiente. <strong>Rusia tiene la culpa, pero tampoco debe tolerarse la inercia. <\/strong>We need to think about whether we want another nuclear disaster in the pages of the history textbook. If not, we need to act. Now. \u201cIt is out of my business&#8221; thoughts are intolerable because <strong>hay demasiado en juego: territorio que dejar\u00e1 de ser f\u00e9rtil, grano que ya no se exportar\u00e1, personas que sufrir\u00e1n penurias y la crisis mundial general, que no har\u00e1 sino profundizarse.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depende de nosotros. Actuar. Actuar ahora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>* En el momento de la publicaci\u00f3n del documento, debido a un incendio causado por los bombardeos, se desconect\u00f3 la \u00faltima l\u00ednea que conectaba la central con el sistema energ\u00e9tico de Ucrania. La sexta unidad de potencia fue descargada y desconectada de la red.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The largest European power plant is occupied. Where will the permanent shelling of the powerful nuclear facility by the Russian troops lead to? Russia is playing with edge-tools without understanding the fact that nuclear potential is neither a toy nor a trinket. If the shell hits \u201cthat\u201d vulnerable place, it will affect not only Ukraine, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":6558,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,64,13,31],"tags":[],"topic":[97,116,84,87,86,92],"class_list":["post-6553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eng-central-eastern-europe","category-central-eastern-europe-ger-analyses","category-en-analyses","category-ger-analyses","topic-energy","topic-hybrid-warfare","topic-russia","topic-security","topic-ukraine","topic-war"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Russia\u2019s Nuclear Threats to Ukraine and Europe | TDC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This analysis examines the risks created by 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