{"id":53190,"date":"2026-10-13T19:42:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T16:42:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=53190"},"modified":"2026-10-14T19:49:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-14T16:49:15","slug":"european-defense-initiatives-ukraine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/es\/2026\/10\/13\/european-defense-initiatives-ukraine\/","title":{"rendered":"Marianna Fakhurdinova intervino sobre las iniciativas europeas de defensa en un curso del Centro Europeo de Estudios de Seguridad George C. Marshall"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"734\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/227-1024x734.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-53191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/227-1024x734.png 1024w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/227-600x430.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/227-768x550.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/227-1536x1101.png 1536w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/227-2048x1468.png 2048w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/227-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong>Marianna Fakhurdinova<\/strong>, <em>coordinadora del Programa de Asociaci\u00f3n UE-Ucrania en el Transatlantic Dialogue Center<\/em>, intervino recientemente en el <strong>Centro Europeo de Estudios de Seguridad George C. Marshall<\/strong> en el marco de su curso <strong>\u00abCuestiones emergentes en materia de seguridad\u00bb<\/strong>, un programa presencial de siete semanas dirigido a profesionales de nivel junior y medio del \u00e1mbito de la seguridad y la defensa procedentes de Europa y Estados Unidos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Fakhurdinova particip\u00f3 en la mesa redonda <strong>\u00abIniciativas europeas en materia de defensa\u00bb<\/strong>, donde analiz\u00f3 c\u00f3mo funcionan los instrumentos de seguridad y defensa a nivel de la UE para Ucrania, c\u00f3mo interact\u00faan con el compromiso bilateral de los distintos pa\u00edses europeos y qu\u00e9 revela la experiencia de Ucrania en tiempos de guerra sobre el futuro de la defensa europea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Una conclusi\u00f3n clave de sus declaraciones fue que tanto la ayuda en materia de seguridad a nivel de la UE como la bilateral han dado resultados importantes para Ucrania, pero cada formato conlleva sus ventajas e inconvenientes. Las iniciativas de la UE, entre las que se incluyen el <strong>Pr\u00e9stamo de Apoyo a Ucrania<\/strong>, el <strong>Fondo Europeo para la Paz<\/strong>, la adquisici\u00f3n conjunta de munici\u00f3n, el EDIP, el EDF, el SAFE y la EUMAM, proporcionan marcos financieros y normativos para el apoyo a largo plazo. Al mismo tiempo, los requisitos de consenso, los retrasos burocr\u00e1ticos y los debates en torno a los enfoques de \u00abComprar europeo\u00bb pueden ralentizar la ejecuci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">La ayuda bilateral, por el contrario, suele ofrecer un apoyo m\u00e1s flexible y tangible, que incluye transferencias directas de armas, la <strong>Iniciativa Checa de Munici\u00f3n<\/strong>, el <strong>modelo dan\u00e9s<\/strong>, la coproducci\u00f3n, las empresas conjuntas y la localizaci\u00f3n con fabricantes ucranianos. Sin embargo, su eficacia depende de la capacidad, los recursos y la voluntad pol\u00edtica de cada uno de los Estados miembros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fakhurdinova tambi\u00e9n destac\u00f3 que, a pesar del creciente apoyo europeo, Ucrania sigue enfrent\u00e1ndose a graves carencias en materia de capacidades. Entre ellas se incluyen la defensa a\u00e9rea y antimisiles, la munici\u00f3n para aviaci\u00f3n, los misiles aire-aire y el mantenimiento de los aviones F-16 y Mirage 2000. La escasez de interceptores Patriot y SAMP\/T sigue siendo especialmente acuciante, ya que los compromisos de financiaci\u00f3n no se traducen autom\u00e1ticamente en una disponibilidad inmediata debido a los largos plazos de producci\u00f3n y a la reticencia de algunos Estados a liberar sus reservas nacionales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El debate tambi\u00e9n abord\u00f3 las lecciones m\u00e1s generales para la industria de defensa europea. La experiencia de Ucrania en tiempos de guerra demuestra que la adaptabilidad, la innovaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida y la producci\u00f3n a gran escala son esenciales en una guerra de alta intensidad. La credibilidad de Europa, se\u00f1al\u00f3 Fakhurdinova, depende no solo del gasto actual en defensa o de los arsenales existentes, sino tambi\u00e9n de su capacidad para mantener la producci\u00f3n, reponer las p\u00e9rdidas y apoyar a sus socios a lo largo de un conflicto prolongado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Destac\u00f3 que el panorama fragmentado de la industria de defensa europea \u2014con 27 mercados nacionales de defensa, sistemas incompatibles, inversiones duplicadas y cadenas de suministro fragmentadas\u2014 socava su preparaci\u00f3n general. Es esencial una mayor consolidaci\u00f3n mediante la contrataci\u00f3n conjunta, la coproducci\u00f3n y las alianzas industriales para reducir la dependencia de proveedores externos y reforzar la disuasi\u00f3n europea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fakhurdinova tambi\u00e9n destac\u00f3 los riesgos que conlleva depender en exceso de los socios. Los cambios en las prioridades estrat\u00e9gicas de Estados Unidos, junto con la dependencia de Europa de la inteligencia, el software y la producci\u00f3n de defensa avanzada estadounidenses, as\u00ed como de los componentes y minerales cr\u00edticos chinos, ponen de relieve la necesidad de una mayor autonom\u00eda industrial y tecnol\u00f3gica europea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al mismo tiempo, defendi\u00f3 que Ucrania no solo debe ser considerada como receptora de ayuda, sino tambi\u00e9n como contribuyente al futuro de la defensa europea. La integraci\u00f3n de las empresas ucranianas en las cadenas europeas de investigaci\u00f3n, desarrollo, producci\u00f3n y mantenimiento, al tiempo que se preserva la propia capacidad industrial y el ecosistema de innovaci\u00f3n de Ucrania, puede reforzar tanto la defensa de Ucrania como la disuasi\u00f3n a largo plazo de Europa.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marianna Fakhurdinova, Coordinator of the EU\u2013Ukraine Partnership Program at the Transatlantic Dialogue Center, recently spoke at the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies as part of its \u201cEmerging Security Issues\u201d course, a seven-week resident program for junior- to mid-level security and defense professionals from Europe and the United States. Fakhurdinova joined the panel [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":53191,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,107],"tags":[],"topic":[88,110,87,89,86,92],"class_list":["post-53190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-media","category-eu-ukraine-partnership-program-media","topic-defense","topic-nato","topic-security","topic-technology","topic-ukraine","topic-war"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Marianna Fakhurdinova Spoke at George C. 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