{"id":29047,"date":"2025-05-01T10:10:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T07:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?p=29047"},"modified":"2026-07-04T12:01:50","modified_gmt":"2026-07-04T09:01:50","slug":"closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-\"><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-quick-download-button-download-button aligncenter qdbn-wrapper\"><div class=\"qdbn\" data-plugin-name=\"qdbn\" data-style=\"small\" data-file=\"hide-file\" data-size=\"hide-size\"><div class=\"qdbn-download-button-inner\"><button type=\"button\" data-button-type=\"small\" class=\"g-btn f-l\" style=\"background-color:#0e107b;color:#ffffff;border-radius:25px;border:1px solid #e2e2e2\" data-attachment-id=\"51876\" data-page-id=\"18850\" data-post-id=\"\" data-have-external=\"false\" data-external-url=\"\" data-wait-duration=\"0\" data-target-blank=\"true\" data-msg=\"Please wait...\" data-member=\"0\" data-has-icon-dark=\"false\" title=\"\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\"><span class=\"download-btn-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M18 11.3l-1-1.1-4 4V3h-1.5v11.3L7 10.2l-1 1.1 6.2 5.8 5.8-5.8zm.5 3.7v3.5h-13V15H4v5h16v-5h-1.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span>\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 PDF \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/button><p class=\"up\" style=\"background:transparent;border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi fi-pdf\"><\/i><\/p><p class=\"down\" style=\"background:transparent;border-radius:0\"><i class=\"fi-folder-o\"><\/i><span class=\"file-size\">2 MB<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><quick-download-button-info class=\"qdb-btn-info\"><\/quick-download-button-info><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading translation-block\" id=\"h-key-takeaways\">\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f<\/strong>&nbsp;\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sanctions are a crucial tool to weaken Russia&#8217;s military<\/strong>, but their impact is limited by Russia&#8217;s economic adaptation via war spending and effective evasion tactics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629&nbsp;<\/strong>via third countries (Central Asia, Turkey, India, China) and a &#8220;shadow fleet&#8221; for oil exports, often utilizing Western-origin components in its weaponry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>, requiring a more robust and coordinated strategy to close them and truly impact Russia&#8217;s war-funding capabilities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0643\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong>&nbsp;(\u0645\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639<\/strong>, to counter Russia&#8217;s enduring threat and war-driven economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1238\" height=\"505\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-17.png\" alt=\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" class=\"wp-image-29049\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-17.png 1238w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-17-600x245.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-17-1024x418.png 1024w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-17-768x313.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-17-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1238px) 100vw, 1238px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0632\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0634\u0646\u064a\u0643\u00bb \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a 2025\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 33% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"806\" height=\"605\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-20.png\" alt=\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" class=\"wp-image-29052\" style=\"width:665px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-20.png 806w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-20-600x450.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-20-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-20-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-role-of-sanctions-in-the-war\">\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"484\" height=\"527\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-21.png\" alt=\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" class=\"wp-image-29053\" style=\"width:415px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-21.png 484w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-21-11x12.png 11w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0632\u0632\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 3% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sanctions-imposed-by-the-g7\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"479\" height=\"545\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-22.png\" alt=\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" class=\"wp-image-29054\" style=\"width:391px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-22.png 479w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-22-11x12.png 11w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 323.4% (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629). \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a 2022. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f 24 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a: \u0625\u0630 \u062c\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 SWIFT\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a 2022\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 2023\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0633\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 \u0646\u062d\u0648 $400 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a 2023-2024 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u00ab\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a.<strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-war-economy-russia-s-fragile-stability\">\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0641\u064a 2022\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 -1.2% \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a 2024 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 +3.6%. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 1.4% \u0641\u064a 2025\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u061f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 60%\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064d \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 2.6%\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u063a\u0630\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2025\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 14%\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 $113.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2021 \u0625\u0644\u0649 $55 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2024\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628.<strong> <\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sanctions-evasion-schemes\">\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0631\u063a\u064a\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0635\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0635\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0641\u0632\u062a \u0645\u0646 $0.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 $4\u20136 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a 2023\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u20ac24 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u20ac15 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u20ac17 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2021 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u20ac30 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2023\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 60\u201394%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0641\u0632\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 79\u2013119%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0631\u063a\u064a\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 16 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 $10.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 $4.6 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2023\u060c \u0639\u0648\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 $5.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 $9.7 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-western-tech-in-russian-weapons\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<strong> <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 2,800 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0648 95% \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0644 75% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a 2023\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 $14 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a 2022 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 $14 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-money-for-the-war\">\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025\u060c \u062e\u064f\u0635\u0635 $126 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 32.5% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 25% \u0639\u0646 2024) \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0631 $87 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 $232 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b 40\u201350% \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u062c\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u20ac816 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 68% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u064821% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u064811% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064a 2025\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 5% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 6.31% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 $70 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629: \u0641\u0641\u064a 2023\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 82% \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.russiafossiltracker.com\/ua\/%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80\/\">\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 <\/a>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u20ac230 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u20ac122 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u20ac94 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 1 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 \u062d\u062a\u0649 08 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"909\" height=\"561\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-23.png\" alt=\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" class=\"wp-image-29055\" style=\"width:756px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-23.png 909w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-23-600x370.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-23-768x474.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-23-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 909px) 100vw, 909px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-shadow-fleet-nbsp\">\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the key mechanisms for circumventing sanctions on Russian energy exports is the use of the so-called &#8220;shadow fleet&#8221;\u2014a network of tankers registered in third countries that transport Russian oil at prices exceeding the Western-imposed cap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most common schemes involve the &#8220;gray fleet&#8221; and the &#8220;dark fleet.&#8221; The gray fleet formally operates within the rules but employs questionable methods, such as sailing under foreign flags (Panama, Liberia, the Marshall Islands, Malta). This has allowed Russia to increase oil transport volumes by 111% since the invasion. The dark fleet, on the other hand, completely conceals its operations\u2014ships turn off their Automatic Identification System (AIS), manipulate location data, and use other masking techniques.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"934\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-24.png\" alt=\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" class=\"wp-image-29056\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-24.png 934w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-24-600x288.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-24-768x368.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-24-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 934px) 100vw, 934px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"981\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-26.png\" alt=\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" class=\"wp-image-29058\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-26.png 981w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-26-600x267.png 600w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-26-768x342.png 768w, https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/image-26-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 981px) 100vw, 981px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a $60 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2022. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0646 21 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 35 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 230 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 $10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0634\u062a\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0642\u0641 $60 \u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2023\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a 2024 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0643\u062b\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 30 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a 79 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2025\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 183 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0636\u0639\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0648\u062a \u0646\u0641\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0638\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion-strengthening-sanctions-for-real-impact\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062f \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062f \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><strong><em>\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><em>\u0623\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Key Takeaways Contemporary Russia is the main threat not only to Ukraine but to global security. It legitimizes unpunished aggression, undermines established international law norms, and strengthens the axis of autocracies that have been isolated by sanctions. At least 70% of Russian artillery is now supplied by North Korea, along with a portion of ballistic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":30575,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,13],"tags":[],"topic":[90,97,91,84,92],"class_list":["post-29047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eng-central-eastern-europe","category-en-analyses","topic-economy","topic-energy","topic-eu","topic-russia","topic-war"],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Transatlantic Dialogue Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Transatlantic-Dialogue-Center-105645698740463\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-05-01T07:10:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-04T09:01:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1473\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"871\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Alina Horbenko\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Alina Horbenko\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Alina Horbenko\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/person\/80009f5c977ad6af93392a183d2126e9\"},\"headline\":\"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-01T07:10:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-04T09:01:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/\"},\"wordCount\":2504,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Central &amp; Eastern Europe\",\"English Analyses\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/\",\"name\":\"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-01T07:10:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-04T09:01:50+00:00\",\"description\":\"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png\",\"width\":1473,\"height\":871,\"caption\":\"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/\",\"name\":\"Transatlantic Dialogue Center\",\"description\":\"Promoting International Peace and Security\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Transatlantic Dialogue Center\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/google.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/google.png\",\"width\":2568,\"height\":2487,\"caption\":\"Transatlantic Dialogue Center\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Transatlantic-Dialogue-Center-105645698740463\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCpJuhU4JBfpv_jsldNOc5LA\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/person\/80009f5c977ad6af93392a183d2126e9\",\"name\":\"Alina Horbenko\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/b1207ed6d06601cfb4421df51a2c7db7.jpg?ver=1787140982\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/b1207ed6d06601cfb4421df51a2c7db7.jpg?ver=1787140982\",\"caption\":\"Alina Horbenko\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627","description":"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia","og_description":"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.","og_url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/","og_site_name":"Transatlantic Dialogue Center","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Transatlantic-Dialogue-Center-105645698740463","article_published_time":"2025-05-01T07:10:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-07-04T09:01:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1473,"height":871,"url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Alina Horbenko","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia","twitter_description":"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Alina Horbenko","Est. reading time":"13 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/"},"author":{"name":"Alina Horbenko","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/person\/80009f5c977ad6af93392a183d2126e9"},"headline":"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia","datePublished":"2025-05-01T07:10:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-04T09:01:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/"},"wordCount":2504,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png","articleSection":["Central &amp; Eastern Europe","English Analyses"],"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/","url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/","name":"\u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png","datePublished":"2025-05-01T07:10:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-04T09:01:50+00:00","description":"A sustained and smarter sanctions approach is needed to counter Russia\u2019s military expansion and war-driven economy, even after conflict ends.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Screenshot-2025-04-16-154543.png","width":1473,"height":871,"caption":"Cover image for: Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/2025\/05\/01\/closing-the-gaps-a-smarter-sanctions-strategy-for-russia\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Closing the Gaps: A Smarter Sanctions Strategy for Russia"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/","name":"Transatlantic Dialogue Center","description":"Promoting International Peace and Security","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#organization","name":"Transatlantic Dialogue Center","url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/google.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/google.png","width":2568,"height":2487,"caption":"Transatlantic Dialogue Center"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Transatlantic-Dialogue-Center-105645698740463","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCpJuhU4JBfpv_jsldNOc5LA"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/person\/80009f5c977ad6af93392a183d2126e9","name":"Alina Horbenko","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/b1207ed6d06601cfb4421df51a2c7db7.jpg?ver=1787140982","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/b1207ed6d06601cfb4421df51a2c7db7.jpg?ver=1787140982","caption":"Alina Horbenko"}}]}},"mfb_rest_fields":["title","yoast_head","yoast_head_json","gutenberg_elementor_mode"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29047"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29047\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37449,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29047\/revisions\/37449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29047"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tdcenter.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=29047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}